Please be as detailed as possible, as this one question will count as both top-level for grade purposes. Please note, this topic is not distinctly mentioned in any of the readings assigned, but the weekly readings/videos and some independent research will allow you to generate a thorough answer to this question.

Question: Please provide a detailed explanation of two different types of DDOS (distributed denial of service) attacks, what makes them different, and why they are so effective at causing widespread network problems? Additionally, please explain some defense mechanisms that could be used to prevent both types.