please explain this

For cooperative movement,an important ingredients for the sustainability is of the cooperative venture was popular participation, which seemed to have been solely lacking state-initiated cooperative venture such as the Samahang Nayon.

Buscayno, argued that state-initiated cooperatives did not succeed because of the failure of the government to initiate popular consultation and participation in the formulation of the project itself.

There was thus an absence of initiative from the grassroots because its inability to see the organization's relevancein solving the farmers' economic plight.

Like Buscayno, CFPI agreed that there was a need to address the top-down policy of organizing within the economic venture, which had propagated an elite bureaucracy. A reason for this was that most of the members belonged to the middle class.

The Ngo's also observed that women were margenalized in these organization. More important , these organization did not pay attention to the important issue of agrarian reform.

In the past, cooperative mismanagement had been blamed on the inadequacy and ineffectiveness of the government's training programs.

Thus the NGOs saw the importance of carrying out educational programs that emphasized pre-membership seminars for cooperatives as well as follow-up seminars and close supervision of cooperative activities.

For both Morales's CFPI and Buscayan'os PLF-TILCO, educational programs, however were not only economic in nature but also political.

NGOs engaged in cooperative organizing also made the farmers aware of political issues such as the need to implement government's agrarian reform program.

Thus NGOS also carried out educationaal programs in this area, particularly in reorganizing tenurial relations and ewsisting land unsurpation.

More important, the ultimate state of cooperative development was translating these economic gains into social reforms and the formation of social conciousness and values. It was hoped that these would bring about concrete socioeconomic benefits to its members.