Please give explanation of the answers! :)

Use the following information about Willis Company to answer the next two questions:

Willis Company has 5,000 shares of $100, 4% preferred stock outstanding, and 4,000 shares of $4 par common stock outstanding. Willis Company was unable to declare dividends in 2009 and 2010 but declares total dividends of $70,000 for 2011.

30. How much of the $70,000 will go to the common shareholders if the preferred stock is noncumulative?

$60,000

$44,000

$30,000

$20,000

$50,000

31. How much of the $70,000 will go to the preferred shareholders if the preferred stock is cumulative?

$40,000

$20,000

$60,000

$70,000

$44,000