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Exercise 3: Protein Synthesis Protein synthesis is the process used by the body to make The first step of protein synthesis is called transcription. It occurs in the _. During transcription, mRNA transcribes (copies) _. DNA is "unzipped" and the mRNA strand copies one of the DNA strands. Once it does this, mRNA leaves the and goes into the mRNA will then attach itself to a The strand of mRNA is then read in order to make protein. They are read 3 bases at a time. These bases are called tRNA is the fetching puppy. It brings the to the ribosome to help make the protein. The 3 bases on tRNA are called Remember, amino acids are the building blocks for . On the mRNA strand, there are start and stop codons. Your body knows where to start and stop making certain proteins. Just like when we read a sentence, we know when to start reading by the capitalized word and when DNA MRNA AMINO ACID DNA MRNA AMINO ACID ODON CODON SPECIFIED CODON CODON SPECIFIED to stop by the period. Now practice your skills. (3-5) (5-3) (5-37 ATT Chain ATC Terminating UGA Leucine 1. What is the start codon? GAG Alan he CGT CAC GOG GCA AAA Lysine AAG 2. What are the stop codons? OCT Arginine TAC AUG Memonine AGE AAA UUU Phenyalan he AAG AAU GGA TTG AAC Asparagine GGG Proling Use your codon chart to determine the GGT Gec CCA amino acid sequence. Remember to read CTG GAC UGC AGA through the strand and ONLY start on the Cysteine AGG UCU Senne start codon and STOP when it tells you to ETC AGC CAG Gluta mine TCA TCG AGU stop. Follow example below: CTC GAG TGA Glutamic Act TGG Threenine CCA GGU ACA OCG Glyche TGC ACG COC GGA ACC LGG GGG GTG CAC Hotid ne ATG LAU LAC CAA JAA GUC valne AUG Isole ucing GUA Example: DNA -> AGA CGG TAC CTC CGG TGG GTG CTT GTC TGT ATC CTT CTC AGT ATC mRNA -> UCU GCC AUG GAG GCC ACC CAC GAA CAG ACA UAG GAA GAG UCA UAG protein -> start - glu - ala -thre - hist - asp -glu-threo-stop acid acid 1. DNA - CCT CTT CGG TAC AGG ACA GTA CGC TAT TCT ATG ATT ACA CGG TTG CGA TCC ATA ATC MRNA > protein > 2. DNA - AGA ACA TAC TAA CTC TTA ACA CTC TAA AGA CCA GCA CTC CGA TGA ACT GGA GCA MRNA - protein > 3. DNA - AGA TAC CGG CAA CTC TGG GTG CTT TGT TCT CTT CTC AGT ATC MRNA - protein >