please help me understand with some short written explanations, thank you

4. Which of the following statements regarding life insurance is true? a. When an individual designates a charitable organization as the beneficiary of their life insurance policy, the individual can deduct the face value of the policy as a charitable contribution on their income tax return. b. If an individual designates a charitable organization as the beneficiary of their life insurance policy, but retains the right to change the beneficiary designation, the death proceeds of the life insurance policy will be included in their gross estate. c. If an individual designates a charitable organization as the beneficiary of their life insurance policy, and then dies without changing the beneficiary designation, the death proceeds of the life insurance policy will be included in their taxable estate. d. Transferring ownership of a life insurance policy to a charitable organization does not qualify for an income tax charitable deduction. Multiple-Choice Problems 5. Four years ago, Winston created a charitable remainder trust with himself as the income beneficiary and a qualified charity as the remainder beneficiary. In the current year, Winston would like to make an additional contribution to the trust. Which of the following charitable trusts would allow Winston to make an additional contribution during the year? a. CRAT, b. CRUT. c. CRET. d. CRIT