Please provide one example from each of areas identified (Each bold and underlined term):

Understanding A Problem

Form a Mental Representation of the Problem

Familiarize Yourself with Each Element of the Problem

Apply your Preexisting Knowledge Base to the Problem

Problem-solving Strategies:

Algorithms - a specific procedure for solving a problem, that will ALWAYS lead to the solution, if used properly.

Heuristics - are problem solving strategies that help to simplify and solve problems. They DO NOT ALWAYS guarantee a correct solution; when the shortcut works, they allow for more rapid solutions to problems.

Analogies - are problem solving strategies that show how two things are alike; two problems (previous and new) that have partial similarities and partial differences; we can use an analogy whenever we try to solve a new problem by referring to a previous problem.

Factors that Affect Problem-Solving:

Expertise - experts solve problems more efficiently and rapidly than do novices; experts know a particular area well.

Mental Sets - the tendency to respond to a new problem with the same approach that helped solve similar problems.

Functional Fixedness - the tendency to ONLY think of an object in terms of its original/familiar function.