Please try to answer for both questions as it is really important

1. For a given benchmarking program (that executes a fixed number of instructions) explain how an Intel CPU with a clock speed of 2.3 GHz could outperform an AMD CPU with a clock speed of 4GHz (single thread, single CPU, and yes, a real Pentium G630T @2.3GHz is faster than an A10-7870k at 3GHz, barely).
2. Because the numbers arent nice and even, just derive or show the equation (from chapter 1) that would allow you to calculate what frequency the AMD CPU in question 6 would need to be to match the Intel CPU IPS, but you dont need to try and resolve the calculation.