Prerequisite: Read what an API is in the textbook Introduction to Programming Using Java by David J. Eck on pages 142?143.

When solving the problems in this assignment, you must follow the application programming interface (API) expected in each problem. You should implement all the attributes and operations mentioned in the API. Notice that there is no main method in the APIs. That is, you should not perform any data processing within the main method. You should rather use the main method to test other methods, prompt the user for some inputs, and display the results returned by your methods.

1. [20 marks] Read three sentences from the console application. Each sentence should not exceed 80 characters. Then, copy each character in each input sentence in a [3 x 80] character array. The first sentence should be loaded into the first row in the reverse order of characters for example, mary had a little lamb should be loaded into the array as bmal elttil a dah yram. The second sentence should be loaded into the second row in the reverse order of words for example, mary had a little lamb should be loaded into the array as lamb little a had mary. The third sentence should be loaded into the third row where if the index of the array is divisible by 5, then the corresponding character is replaced by the letter z for example, mary had a little lamb should be loaded into the array as mary zad azlittze lazb that is, characters in index positions 5, 10, 15, and 20 were replaced by z. Note that an empty space is also a character, and that the index starts from position 0. Now print the contents of the character array on the console. Computer Science 268: Introduction to Programming in Java Page 2 of 12 ReversedSentence Attributes Operations + public static String change5thPosition(String s) + public static String printChar2DArray(char[][] arr) + public static String reverseByCharacter(String s) + public static String reverseByWord(String s) + public static String truncateSentence(String s)

2. [20 marks] Write a program that plays the Rock-Paper-Scissors-Lizard-Spock game. Refer to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock-paper-scissors-lizard-Spock for more information. Normally, one player is a human and the other is the computer program. However, in this exercise, the program will generate two players who play against each other. The play continues until either of the computer-generated players wins four consecutive times. In this game, two random integers are generated in the range of [1 to 5], one per player. 1 refers to Rock, 2 refers to Paper, 3 refers to Scissors, 4 refers to Lizard, and 5 refers to Spock. For example, if the computer randomly generates integers 2 and 5 in the first iteration, 2 is for the first player and 5 is for the second player. Based on Rule 8 in the following 10 rules, Paper (2) disproves Spock (5), so Player 1 wins. Repeat it to generate one more pair and determine who wins that iteration. Continue the iterations until one player wins four consecutive times. Rule 1: Scissors cut paper Rule 2: Paper covers rock Rule 3: Rock crushes lizard Rule 4: Lizard poisons Spock Rule 5: Spock smashes (or melts) scissors Rule 6: Scissors decapitate lizard Rule 7: Lizard eats paper Rule 8: Paper disproves Spock Rule 9: Spock vaporizes rock Rule 10: Rock breaks scissors Computer Science 268: Introduction to Programming in Java Page 3 of 12 RockPaperScissorsLizardSpock Attributes + private int consecutiveWins + private int lastWinner + public static final int LIZARD + public static final int PAPER + public static final int PLAYER1 + public static final int PLAYER2 + public static final int ROCK + public static final int SCISSORS + public static final int SPOCK Operations + public int getConsecutiveWins() + public int getLastWinner() + public int random() + public static String convert(int i) + public void play(int player1, int player2)

3. [20 marks] Credit card numbers follow certain patterns. A credit card number must have between 13 and 16 digits. It must start with 4 for Visa cards, 5 for Master cards, 37 for American Express cards, and 6 for Discover cards. In 1954, Hans Luhn of IBM proposed the following algorithm for validating credit card numbers: a. Double every second digit from right to left (e.g., if number is 3 => 3 * 2 => 6) and add them together. b. If this doubling results in a two-digit number, then add the two digits to get a single-digit number (e.g., if number is 5 => 5 * 2 => 10 => 1+0 => 1). So, for the credit card number 4388576018402626, doubling all second digits from the right results in (2 * 2 = 4) + (2 * 2 = 4) + (4 * 2 = 8) + (1 * 2 = 2) + (6 * 2 = 12 = 1 + 2 = 3) + (5 * 2 = 10 = 1 + 0 = 1) + (8 * 2 = 16 = 1 + 6 = 7) + (4 * 2 = 8). This totals to 4 + 4 + 8 + 2 + 3 + 1 + 7 + 8 = 37. Add all digits in the odd places from right to left. The leftmost digit of the credit card number is at index 0; 6 + 6 + 0 + 8 + 0 + 7 + 8 + 3 = 38. Add results from steps (a) and (b) and see if divisible by 10. If it is, then the card number is valid; otherwise invalid. 37 + 38 = 75 is not divisible by 10, so it is an invalid credit card number. Implement Luhns algorithm in a program to determine whether a given credit card number is valid or not. You must test if the number of digits in the input is in the valid range (13 to 16), run Luhns algorithm to test its validity, and if it is valid, print the name of the company that offers that credit card number. Computer Science 268: Introduction to Programming in Java Page 4 of 12

4. [20 marks] Craps is a dice game where two dice are rolled. Each die has six faces representing values 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. I. If the sum is 2, 3, or 12 (called craps), you lose; II. If the sum is 7 or 11 (called natural), you win; III. If the sum is any other value (4, 5, 6, 8, 9, or 10), a value point is established, and you continue to roll until you either roll a sum of the value point or a 7. If the sum of the new roll is equal to the value point, then you win; if the sum of the new roll is equal to 7, then you lose. Remember, in option (III), you continue to roll until you get a 7 or the value point. Sample runs: You rolled 5 + 6 = 11; you win You rolled 1 + 2 = 3; you lose You rolled 2 + 2 = 4; you establish the value point 4; Roll again 2 + 3 = 5; roll Roll again 2 + 1 = 3; roll Roll again 2 + 2 = 4; you win You rolled 2 + 6 = 8; you establish the value point 8; Roll again 4 + 4 = 8; you win You rolled 3 + 2 = 5; you establish the value point 5; Roll again 1 + 1 = 2; roll Roll again 2 + 2 = 4; roll Computer Science 268: Introduction to Programming in Java Page 5 of 12 Roll again 1 + 1 = 2; roll Roll again 3 + 4 = 7; you lose Develop a program that plays craps with a player three times. At the end, the program prints the number of times the player won and the number of times the player lost.

5. [20 marks] Create three classes: Village, Citizen, and ComputeIntellect. The Village class has an instance variable called numberOfCitizens and an array that holds a maximum of 100 Citizen objects. The Citizen class has citizenId and educationalQualification as instance variables. The ComputeIntellect class has a distributionOfQualification() method. Create 100 Citizen objects using citizenId for the range [1 to 100]. Randomly generate the educational qualification in the range [1 to 4], where 1 = high school, 2 = undergraduate, 3 = postgraduate, and 4 = doctorate. Store these 100 objects in a Village object using an array any array of your choice. The distributionOfQualification() method loops through the 100 objects and counts the number of citizens corresponding to each of the four educational qualifications. Computer Science 268: Introduction to Programming in Java Page 6 of 12

6. [20 marks] Implement a Java method that prints out the day of the week for a given day (1. . . 31), month (1 . . . 12) and year in the range of March 1900 to February 2100. Calculate the day of the week for the dates between March 1900 and February 2100 as follows: First, you have to calculate the total number of days from 1900/1/1 to the given date (see below for details). Secondly, you divide this number by 7 with an integer remainder: This now is the day of the week, with 0 as Sunday, 1 as Monday, and so on. To calculate the total number of days, you have to implement the following steps: Subtract 1900 from the given year, and multiply the result by 365 Add the missing leap years by adding (year ? 1900) / 4. Computer Science 268: Introduction to Programming in Java Page 7 of 12 If the year itself is a leap year and the month is January or February, you have to subtract 1 from the previous result. Now add all the days of the months of the given year to the result (in the case of February, it is always 28 because the additional day for a leap year has already been added in the calculation). WeekDay Attributes + private int numberOfDays + public static final int APRIL + public static final int AUGUST + public static final int DECEMBER + public static final int FEBRUARY + public static final int FRIDAY + public static final int JANUARY + public static final int JULY + public static final int JUNE + public static final int MARCH + public static final int MAY + public static final int MONDAY + public static final int NOVEMBER + public static final int OCTOBER + public static final int SATURDAY + public static final int SEPTEMBER + public static final int SUNDAY + public static final int THURSDAY + public static final int TUESDAY + public static final int WEDNESDAY Operations + public String getWeekDay(int day, int month, int year)

7. [20 marks] Create a Person class that includes the name of the person, the weight of the person (in pounds), and the height of the person (in inches). For the data listed in the table below, create four Person objects. Compute their individual body mass index (BMI) and store it as part of these objects. Further, determine their weight category (see below) and add that information as part of the object as well. Store each of these four Person objects, their corresponding BMI, and weight category in a different ArrayList and develop get and set methods to access elements in that ArrayList. Name Weight (pounds) Height (inches) Andrew 125.5 55.1 Boyd 150.0 67 Cathy 135 72.3 Donna 190 64 Computer Science 268: Introduction to Programming in Java Page 8 of 12 BMI is calculated using the following formula: BMI can indicate the following categories: Underweight when BMI is less than 18.5 Normal weight when BMI is between 18.5 and 25 Overweight when BMI is between 25 and 30 Obese when BMI is 30 or greater Person Attributes + private double bmi + private double height + private double weight + private String category + private String name Operations + public double getBMI() + public double getHeight() + public double getWeight() + public Person(String name, double weight, double height) + public String getCategory(double bmi) + public String getCategory() + public String getName() + public void setBMI(double bmi) + public void setHeight(double height) + public void setName(String name) + public void setWeight(double weight)

8. [40 marks] The following is a score of a single game in badminton. The top row is the score for Player 1. The second row is the score for Player 2. Represent this data in an ArrayList in a class called BadmintonScoring. 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 I. Compute the maximum points scored by Player 1 and Player 2. II. Compute the maximum number of points scored in a continuous sequence by Player 1 and Player 2. Hint: Player 1 scored the sequence 0-1-2, which implies s/he scored 2 points in a Computer Science 268: Introduction to Programming in Java Page 9 of 12 continuous sequence. Similarly, for Player 2, 16-17-18-19-20-21 implies that s/he scored 5 points in a continuous sequence. III. Extend BadmintonScoring to associate each point scored by a player with a particular stroke that earned that point, using the notion of association list. You can represent each point as an object and store the score of a player in an association list (refer to Chapter 7, section 7.4.2 for details). For example, when Player 1 scored his/her first point, instead of just 1, it could have been {1, slice}. Thus, each point is augmented with the type of stroke from the following list: a. slice b. drive c. smash d. drop e. net-shot IV. Store the following score of a single game using the modified BadmintonScoring class. 0 1 a 2 c 3 a 4 c 5 c 0 1 d 2 e 3 d 4 e 5 d 6 e 7 e 8 a 9 d 10 e 11 e 12 e 13 e 14 e 15 e 16 e 17 e 18 e 19 e 20 e 21 a V. Identify the type of stroke that earned most points for each player. BadmintonScoring Attributes + int[][] scores + static final int PLAYER1 + static final int PLAYER2 Operations + public int getContinuousPointsPlayer1() + public int getContinuousPointsPlayer2() + public int getPlayer1Points() + public int getPlayer2Points() Computer Science 268: Introduction to Programming in Java Page 10 of 12

9. [40 marks] Create a 10x10 matrix as a 2D array. See a sample array below. 0 1 2 3 4 9 0 R1[0, 0] [0, 1] [0, 2] [0, 3] [0, 4] [0, 9] 1 [1, 0] [1, 1] [1, 2] [1, 3] [1, 4] [1, 9] 2 [2, 0] [2, 1] [2, 2] [2, 3] [2, 4] [2, 9] 3 [3, 0] [3, 1] [3, 2] [3, 3] [3, 4] [3, 9] 4 [4, 0] [4, 1] [4, 2] [4, 3] [4, 4] [4, 9] 9 [9, 0] [9, 1] [9, 2] [9, 3] [9, 4] [9, 9] Assume that a robot is placed in position [0, 0]. Now randomly generate a move. The move could take the robot to one of the eight possible adjacent slots {up, down, left, right, left-upcorner, left-down-corner, right-up-corner, and right-down-corner} these slots are represented by {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}. However, at [0, 0], the robot only has three possible slots to move to right, down, right-down-corner. Create another robot called R2 and place it on [9, 9]. Now randomly generate an integer in the range of [1 to 8]. This first random integer corresponds to a possible move for Robot R1. If the move is valid, then move R1 to its new slot. A move is invalid if it takes the robot out of bounds of the [10x10] matrix. If the move is invalid, then keep generating random integers until a valid move is found. Repeat this procedure for the second Robot R2. If both R1 and R2 are in the same slot, then stop, print the final slot, print the sequence of random numbers that led R1 to this slot, and the print the sequence of random numbers that led R2 to the same slot. Implement this program with a Robot class and a MovingRobot subclass. Computer Science 268: Introduction to Programming in Java Page 11 of 12

10. [40 marks] A train timetable for a train travelling between Vancouver and Toronto is given below. Station Arrival Departure Day Vancouver 20:30 1 Kamloops 06:00 06:35 2 Jasper 16:00 17:30 2 Edmonton 23:00 23:59 2 Saskatoon 08:00 08:25 3 Winnipeg 20:45 22:30 3 Sioux Lookout 05:02 05:42 4 Hornepayne 15:35 16:10 4 Capreol 00:18 00:48 5 Toronto 09:30 5 Store the information from each row of the table in an object. Then, arrange the objects in an ArrayList structure. Your program should now take the following commands in a continuous loop: I. Show shows the full table II. Delay the arrival of the train is delayed by at station ; that is, add the delay to the corresponding station entry. For example, Delay Edmonton 30 implies that the train would arrive 30 minutes later than the expected time of arrival in Edmonton. The new entry would be Edmonton 23:30 00:29 3. All stations following Edmonton will also update their arrival and departure by +30 minutes, and consequently the day of arrival and departure as well. The result of this Delay command is shown below: Computer Science 268: Introduction to Programming in Java Page 12 of 12