Problem 5-29 Changes in Cost Structure; Break-Even Analysis; Operating Leverage; Margin of Safety [LO5-4, LO5-5, LO5-7, LO5-8]

Morton Companys contribution format income statement for last month is given below:

Sales (41,000 units $28 per unit) $ 1,148,000

Variable expenses 803,600

Contribution margin 344,400

Fixed expenses 275,520

Net operating income $ 68,880

The industry in which Morton Company operates is quite sensitive to cyclical movements in the economy. Thus, profits vary considerably from year to year according to general economic conditions. The company has a large amount of unused capacity and is studying ways of improving profits.

Reqired 1

New equipment has come onto the market that would allow Morton Company to automate a portion of its operations. Variable expenses would be reduced by $8.40 per unit. However, fixed expenses would increase to a total of $619,920 each month. Prepare two contribution format income statements, one showing present operations and one showing how operations would appear if the new equipment is purchased. (Round "Per Unit" to 2 decimal places.)

Morton Company
Contribution Income Statement
	Present		Proposed
	Amount	Per Unit	Amount	Per Unit
	0	$0.00	0	$0.00
	$0		$0

Required 2

Refer to the income statements in (1). For the present operations and the proposed new operations, compute (a) the degree of operating leverage, (b) the break-even point in dollar sales, and (c) the margin of safety in dollars and the margin of safety percentage. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your percentage answers to 2 decimal places (i.e. .1234 should be entered as 12.34).)

		Present		Proposed
a.	Degree of operating leverage
b.	Break-even point in dollar sales
c.	Margin of safety in dollars
	Margin of safety in percentage		%		%

Required 3

Refer again to the data in (1). As a manager, what factor would be paramount in your mind in deciding whether to purchase the new equipment? (Assume that enough funds are available to make the purchase.) Choose one answer

	Cyclical movements in the economy Reserves and surplus of the company Performance of peers in the industry Stock level maintained

Required 4

Refer to the original data. Rather than purchase new equipment, the marketing manager argues that the companys marketing strategy should be changed. Rather than pay sales commissions, which are currently included in variable expenses, the company would pay salespersons fixed salaries and would invest heavily in advertising. The marketing manager claims this new approach would increase unit sales by 30% without any change in selling price; the companys new monthly fixed expenses would be $514,304; and its net operating income would increase by 20%. Compute the company's break-even point in dollar sales under the new marketing strategy. (Hint: figure out the new variable cost per unit by preparing the new contribution format income statement.) (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest whole dollar amount.)

	New break even point in dollar sales