Problem: A study was conducted to compare university students, grouped by year of study (First year, Second year, and Third year) and gender (Males and Females), with respect to the time they spend studying (hours per week), which included time spent in lectures, doing homework and reviewing. Assume that all assumptions are met for the required analyses. Use the SPSS output in Tables 1-3 below to answer parts (a) to (d)

Parameters are defined as follows: My = First-year males MF = First-year females /2_ = Second-year males My_ = Second-year females H3-M = Third-year males My_F = Third-year femalesTable 1: Summary statistics of time spent studying for the six groups, based on year of study and gender. Descriptives Hours Std Std 95% Confidence Interval for Mean N Mean Deviation Error Lower Bound Upper Bound First Year-Males 6 34.783 5.9701 2.4373 28.518 41.049 First Year-Females 6 45.467 5.5026 2.2464 39.692 51.241 Second Year-Males 6 42.733 5.4986 2.2448 36.963 48.504 Second Year-Females 6 47.267 5.5536 2.2673 41.439 53.095 Third Year-Males 6 58.150 5.9494 2.4288 51.907 64.393 Third Year-Females 6 56.150 6.0754 2.4803 49.774 62.526 Total 36 47.425 9.6474 1.6079 44.161 50.689 Table 2: The overall ANOVA table for comparison of mean time spent studying between the six groups. Hours Sum of Squares df Between Groups 2261.009 Within Groups 996.518 Total 3257.528Table 3: The results of Tukey multiple comparisons for pairwise difference in mean time spent studying between groups. Multiple Comparisons Dependent Variable: Hours Tukey HSD Mean Difference 95% Confidence Interval (1) Index1 (J) Index1 (I-J) Std. Error Sig Lower Bound Upper Bound 1 st-M 1 st_F -10.6833* 3.3275 034 -20.804 .562 2nd_M -7.9500 3.3275 192 -18.071 2.171 2nd_F -12.4833 3.3275 009 -22.604 -2.362 3rd_M -23.3667 3.3275 000 -33.488 -13.246 3rd_F -21.3667 3.3275 000 -31.488 -11.246 1 st_F 1 st_M 10.6833 3.3275 034 562 20.804 2nd_M 2.7333 3.3275 961 -7.388 12.854 and_ -1.8000 3.3275 994 -11.921 3.321 3rd_M -12.6833' 3.3275 008 -22.804 -2.562 3rd_F -10.6833 3.3275 034 -20.804 -.562 2nd_M 1 st_M 7.9500 3.3275 192 -2.171 18.071 1 st_ F -2.7333 3.3275 961 -12.854 7.388 2nd_F -4.5333 3.3275 748 -14.654 5.588 3rd_M -15.4167* 3.3275 001 25.538 .5.296 3 rd_F -13.4167 3.3275 004 -23.538 -3.296 2nd_F 1 st_ M 12.4833* 3.3275 009 2.362 22.604 1 st_ F 1.8000 3.3275 994 8.321 11.921 2nd_M 4.5333 3.3275 748 -5.588 14.654 3rd_ -10.8833 3.3275 029 -21.004 ..762 3 rd_F -8.8833 3.3275 112 -19.004 1.238 3rd_M 1 st_ M 23.3667 3.3275 13.246 33.488 1 st_F 12.6833* 3.3275 008 2.562 22.804 2nd_M 15.4167 3.3275 00 5.296 25.538 2nd_F 10.8833 3.3275 029 762 21.004 3rd_F 2.0000 3.3275 990 -8.121 12.121 3rd_F 1 st_M 21.3667 3.3275 000 11.246 31.488 1 st_F 10.6833* 3.3275 034 562 20.804 2nd_M 13.4167 3.3275 004 3.296 23.538 2nd_F 8.8833 3.3275 . 112 -1.238 19.004 3rd_M -2.0000 3.3275 990 -12.121 B.121 *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level