PROBLEM STATEMENT One of the consequences of an experienced police force is that a number of officers have become statistically more likely to suffer from health problems, most notably musculoskeletal and cardio-vascular problems. A recent examination of employee absentee records revealed that 33 percent of all sworn personnel have missed at least 15 days in the previous calendar year. On closer examination of the records, it was discovered that the sick leave was used for heart attacks, arteriosclerosis, back problems, torn ligaments and tendons, pulled muscles and other fitness-related conditions. Contact with Morgan Feinberg, M.D. revealed that the officers he treated suffered from health problems including all the above conditions. Similar contact with other Summerville area physicians confirmed this pattern. In a recent presentation to the Summerville Police Department executive staff, Dr. Farron Updike of the Department of Exercise Physiology at the University of Summerville stated that the majority of work-related musculo-skeletal problems are preventable through a regular regimen of weight training. Citing the works of Baker (1991) and Oldfield (1987), Dr. Updike indicated that exercises to stretch and tone body musculature at least three times per week will reduce these problems by a statistically significant margin. He also stated that the same is true of cardio-vascular disease: aerobic exercise at least three times a week will significantly reduce the incidence of heart and other circulatory disorders in any nonsmoking adult population. Research on job-related health problems among law enforcement officers mirrors what occurs in the general population. In a task analysis of police officers, Lewis (1992) documented the regular necessity to run, jump and lift. All these activities contribute to the need for exceptional fitness. Conversely, where such fitness is absent among police officers, the likelihood of cardio-vascular and musculo-skeletal problems increases. Draught (1993) discovered that police officers that exercise regularly, whether on their own or as part of a department fitness program, experienced significantly less cardio-vascular and musculoskeletal problems than officers who did not regularly work out. When law enforcement officers are off work, whether for health problems or other reasons, the community they serve is at greater risk of criminal victimization. One study (Fisk, 1988) shows that the response time for police-related 911 calls is significantly longer when shifts are staffed at below recommended strength. A closely related problem is the added stress suffered by officers who must try to serve the community short-handed. Another line of research on the consequences of under-staffed forces explored the ability of officers to engage in proactive policing. Traditionally, when officers are not responding to assigned calls, they patrol designated areas in an attempt to proactively enforce laws. However, when a substantial number of officers are off work due to health problems, the remaining officers are barely able to handle assigned calls. The most important consequence of having a substantial number of disabled officers off work, then, is a community whose safety needs are not being met. In the most extreme cases such as those detailed by Farber (1991), the issue becomes one of life and death.

3. Provided three different problem questions or statements as per given statement ?