Processing Integrity & System Availability Please complete the following 4 questions. (Source: Romney et.al. (2021) Problem 13.7 pp. 443-444). Which control(s) would best mitigate the following three (3) threats and maintain system availability?

a. The A company was planning on introducing fault tolerance into its system architecture but had not finalised its decision yet. In the meantime, the IT department ensured that all backups were madefull backups every Friday night and daily incremental backups. However, the main hard drive, housing all the company data, crashed. The IT department secured a replacement hard drive, but they were unable to restore the company data.

b. Overnight, a fire broke out in the server room of a large company. Luckily the fire was quickly contained since smoke detectors were triggered, spraying water and killing the fire. The manager and IT staff member on standby were notified. They rushed to the office to ensure that the disaster recovery plan was implemented. Since damage to the server room was mostly superficial, it was possible to resume operations as soon as the file servers were up and running again. The manager and IT staff member on standby could not agree on the process of getting everything up and running again.

c. In several countries, electricity supply is often suspended, referred to as load-shedding or rolling blackout, during specific set times to balance the supply-and-demand on the power grid. Unfortunately, often the load-shedding is not managed according to the scheduled time, and companies face problems with their database servers.

d. Recommend one (1) control that would best mitigate the following threat regarding Processing Integrity (more specifically, data input): An employee intended to apply for 30 days of unpaid leave due to personal reasons through the company's online leave portal. When the 2 employee received confirmation of his leave being approved, he noticed that he had applied for 300 days, not 30.