Proctor & Gamble claims that 50% of the bars of Ivory soap they produce are "perfect" (meaning no defects or other issues). Unilever, one of Proctor & Gamble's competitors, wants to test to see if the percentage of Ivory soap bars that are "perfect" is actually less than half. They sample 130 bars of Ivory soap. They find that 57 of them meet the perfect standard as advertised.