Product-Based Approach Manufacturing-Based Approach Value-Based Approach Transcendent Approach User-Based Approach Quality of Service Approach 1. based on price - quality can be viewed across a wide variety of prices relatively evenly 2. more philosophical than real 3. the most straight-forward and easily understandable quality approach 4. there is some ingredient or attribute that gives it a suitable or desirable quality 5. lies in the eye of the beholder - personal view 6. several aspects of quality to be considered: reliability, assurance, empathy