Project Quality Management

SMART QUALITY IN ADVANCED INDUSTRIES Technological advancements have enabled a fundamentally new way of delivering quality. Under this approach, companies view the quality function as a partner and coach that delivers value, not just a business cost. This perspective helps them integrate quality and compliance into regular operations and projects while enabling speed and effectiveness. The smart-quality approach can be applied across multiple sectors, and a recent article described how some pharmaceutical and medical technology companies have implemented this framework in their business processes and projects. The best smart-quality use cases and technologies will vary by sector. When companies in advanced industries follow the smart-quality approach, leaders must adapt it to suit more complex and deep supply chains. They should also place greater emphasis on improving discrete manufacturing, building global service networks that address quality in the field, and complying with the regulators and standardization bodies that govern advanced industries. New technologies could reshape day-to-day project quality operations across the value chain of advancedindustries players. Generating value through smart quality Companies that have adopted the smart-quality approach have demonstrated that it improves quality far more than traditional measures. For example, smart quality has enabled organizations to reduce their total cost of quality by up to 50 percent. The smart-quality approach has five building blocks, all of which can generate value, and these include smart quality controls, smart quality assurance, product process mystery, smart quality ways of working and smart quality foundation. As more of the building blocks get implemented, the impact compounds. Here are representative case examples for advanced industries for the first four building blocks. The fifth building block primarily applies to pharma and medtech companies. Smart-quality controls An aluminum-coil producer achieved 95 percent accuracy in visual-anomaly detection after just five days of training with approximately 1,000 anomaly-free images. The algorithm delivered human-interpretable pictures of the anomaly without requiring an exhaustive training data set with all possible defects. For each image analyzed, the model calculated a confidence score, allowing employees to focus their efforts on images with potential anomalies. Companies may also improve anomaly detection by using cobotsrobots intended for direct interaction with humansthat automatically handle parts and pass them to the next operator after successful inspection. McKinsey uses such hybrid systems in its Digital Capability Centers and experienced payback periods of less than six months. Smart-quality assurance One automotive OEM used advanced analytics to refine its entire product-development pathway and improve the rightfirst-time indicator for newly developed parts to more than 80 percent. The analytics model included data from 24 different sources on all factorsboth human behavior and mechanical processesthat could have caused delays. Information from three years of product-development projects and analysis of 1,500 individual car components allowed the company to train the underlying algorithms. It then implemented several improvement initiatives, including those that involved scrutinizing open issues after virtual builds, enforcing stricter rules for virtual-build-process adherence, improving bill-of-materials management, identifying suppliers with low-risk scores, and providing more comprehensive onboarding for new team members. Product and process mastery By applying advanced analytics to field-quality information, an agriculture-equipment manufacturer reduced the time needed to identify systemic field issues by 45 percent. The analytics engine calculated daily updates of several algorithms involving approximately 450,000 warranty claims over the past five years, as well as other data, such as service tickets drawn up in dealer support. By conducting Weibull analyses, the company could extrapolate expected failure rates for nearly 7,000 critical-part numbers daily, allowing it to identify potential field-quality issues. The company also considered other leading indicators, such as those based on data from heavy-duty cycle machines, and expert knowledge from specific dealers to anticipate issues earlier and acknowledge critical issues immediately after their first occurrence. The accelerated issue identification translated into a warranty-cost reduction of about 5 percent. The company will achieve additional value by using insights from the algorithm to prevent issues during product development. Smart-quality ways of working An agriculture-equipment manufacturer digitized and automated cross-functional risk and maturity management in product development to reduce new product warranty costs by more than 10 percent. The digital dashboards automatically compiled data from different sources and visualized all maturity KPIs, including the warranty costs forecast at the component and vehicle level, across functions. By using a parameterized resource model for each function, the company was able to assign required project-team capacities at the outset of each project and plan capacity requirements for the portfolio of product-development projects. The company applied industry best practices and took a systematic approach to software testing and validation to help prevent code-based quality issues. Source: extracted fro https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/advanced-electronics/our-insights/smart-quality-inadvancedindustries Answer ALL the questions in this section.

Question 1 (25 Marks)

Considering evidence from the case study, critically discuss the concept of smart quality and suggest how it can be incorporated in managing projects.

Question 2 (25 Marks)

"Companies that have adopted the smart-quality approach have demonstrated that it improves quality far more than traditional measures. For example, smart quality has enabled organizations to reduce their total cost of quality by up to 50 percent". Comment on this statement by using relevant examples. Your discussion should focus on the relationship between smart quality and costs.

Question 3 (25 Marks)

In your view advise a project manager who has adopted the DMAIC methodology in managing quality on why and how they should embrace technology.

Question 4 (25 Marks)

"When companies in advanced industries follow the smart-quality approach, leaders must adapt it to suit more complex and deep supply chains. They should also place greater emphasis on improving discrete manufacturing, building global service networks that address quality in the field, and complying with the regulators and standardization bodies that govern advanced industries". Considering the statement and using relevant frameworks and theories to substantiate your response, critically discuss how top management is responsible for in improving project quality.