Promotionis an attempt by marketers to inform, persuade, or remind consumers and B2B users to influence their opinion or elicit a response. Most firms use some form of promotion. Because company goals vary widely, so do promotional strategies. The goal is to stimulate action from the people or organizations of a target market. In a profit-oriented firm, the desired action is for the consumer to buy the promoted item. Mrs. Smith's, for instance, wants people to buy more frozen pies. Not-for-profit organizations seek a variety of actions with their promotions. They tell us not to litter, to buckle up, to join the military, or to attend the ballet. (These are examples of products that are ideas marketed to specific target markets.)

31 Do potassium channel activators such as nicorandil have any benefit in the treatment of a diabetic patient with cardiovascular complications?

32 Is a dosage of 2.5 mg/day of methyltestosterone, as a component in some multivitamin formulae, safe to give to diabetics or will it make the diabetes more difficult to control (see also Chapter 5, question 5)?

33 How does diabetes mellitus cause atherosclerosis?

34 How does diabetes cause renal damage, especially diabetic nephropathy with the presence of microalbuminuria?

35 Type 1 diabetes causes nephropathy in 40% of cases and type 2 causes it in 20% of cases but the most common cause of nephropathy we see is type 2, why?

36 Why is intractable vomiting seen in diabetes mellitus and how can it be managed?

37 Is gabapentin superior to carbamazepine in terms of efficacy in the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy? What are its side-effects?

38 Why is diabetic ketoacidosis more common in type 1 diabetes?

39 Why is there abdominal pain in diabetic ketoacidosis?

40 Grades of ketonuria are sometimes mentioned. I have not been able to locate a detailed description in textbooks and would be grateful if you could explain the grades of ketonuria or recommend suitable reading material.