Proposal Component Points Topic Title==> Research Question==> Data Source (real or fabricated) If real - identify source ==> Independent Variable==> Independent Variable Type (Nominal, Ordinal, Continuous) ==> Dependent Variable==> Dependent Variable Type (Nominal, Ordinal, Continuous) => Inferential Test - use the decision table below to determine which tests to use. The decision will be based on the type of variables you specified above=> How many samples 3 or more Pearson Correlation Type sample One sample only - one variable Variable Type Continuous One sample only - two variables Both Continuous Both Categorical 1 2 Find a valid reliable substitute measure for height. The Suitability of Arm Span as a Substitute Measurement for Height. Can arm span be used as a reliable substitute for height? Height and arm span measurements of high school students. Arm span measure Continuous Height Continuous Paired sample Unpaired sample Unpaired sample Unpaired Categorical Statistical Test One sample t-test Chi Square Goodness of Fit Pearson correlation Chi Square Categorical Paired t-test Independent t-test Chi Square Continuous ANOVA Continuous 5 5 15 10 10 15 10 15 15 Proposal Component Points Title==> 10 Research Question==> Data Source (real or fabricated) If real - identify source ==> Independent Variable==> Independent Variable Type (Nominal, Ordinal, Continuous) ==> Dependent Variable==> Dependent Variable Type (Nominal, Ordinal, Continuous) ==> Inferential Test - use the decision table below to determine which tests to use. The decision will be based on the type of variables you specified above==> 15 10 10 15 10 15 How many samples Type sample One sample only - one variable Variable Type Continuous One sample only - two variables Both Continuous Both Categorical 1 2 3 or more Paired sample Unpaired sample Unpaired sample Unpaired Categorical 15 Statistical Test One sample t-test Chi Square Goodness of Fit Pearson correlation Chi Square Categorical Paired t-test Independent t-test Chi Square Continuous ANOVA Continuous SUBSTITUTE MEASURE FOR HEIGHT The Suitability of Arm Span as a Substitute Measurement for Height Name Course College: Sept 22,2016 Abstract Arm span measure the distance from one end of the arm to other end while holding hand parallel to the ground raised at shoulder height at an angle of 90 degree to the ground. This paper seeks to find out the reliable substitute for height measurement. In this paper we have taken arm span as a reliable substitute. The data collected is the measure of the length of the arm span and height of the high school student in centimeters. Based on the person correlation between variables-arm span and height, we will found out whether arm span measure is a reliable substitute or not. Research study shows that there is a strong correlation between height and arm span and hence arm span can be used as a valid source of substitute. Introduction Arm span has is the measurement from one end of the arm (from fingertips) to other end when raised parallel to the ground at shoulder height at an angle of 90 degree. From ancient times, measurement of arm span has been a good substitute to measure person's height. Ratio between the length of the arm span and height is called apex ratio (Banik).The formula for which is written below: Apex ratio= Arm span Height An apex ratio greater than 1 is advantageous for sports like swimming whereas aspect ratio less than 1 is advantageous for sports like weightlifting where person does not need to lift weight to that much height. Research Question . We will examine whether arm span can be used a suitable substitute for height. Question: Can arm span be used as a reliable substitute for height? Objective The overall objective of the research paper is to determine whether arm span can be used as a substitute to measure the height of the person. Pearson correlation and regression analysis will be used to determine whether substitute is significant or not. Data Collection Data has been collected based on the arm span and height of 24 high school students. Arm span and height are continuous variable and quantitaitive.The scales that is being measured is the ratio scale. Table 1 of Appendix shows the values for each individual height and arm span. As we have to measure the height of the person based on the height of the person therefore the dependent variable will be the person height and the independent variable will be arm span both being measured in centimeters. Method Used Based on the random sample of 24 high school students, we will measure the respective arm span and height of the student. To measure the arm span and height, a ruler or a tape is required which will measure the height and arm span to the nearest centimeters, where each student will be asked to stand in front of the wall . Inferential test Based on the data for the height and arm span of 24 student we will estimate regression model for the relation between our independent variable-arm span and dependent variableheight of the person. We will also determine the strength of the relation or correlation coefficient between the variables and determine whether the correlation coefficient is significant at the desired confidence level (alpha=0.05).Hypothesis testing will also be done for the slope of the independent variable (arm span) to determine whether the slope is significant or not at the desired level of confidence. Limitations We should always take the measure while making the person looking straight and raise both hands perpendicular to the ground at shoulder height. It may lead to wrong measurement of both height and arm span if the person is not standing straight. This may lead to wrong result in determining the Pearson correlation between the variables. References Banik, Sudip Datta. Arm Span As A Proxy Measure For Height And Estimation Of Nutritional Status. "Data Session 7, Part A: Scatter Plots". Learner.org. N.p., 2016. Web. 22 Sept. 2016. Appendix Table 1. Arm Span(cm) Height(cm) 156 162 157 160 159 162 160 155 161 160 161 162 162 170 165 166 170 170 170 167 173 185 173 176 177 173 177 176 178 178 184 180 188 188 188 187 188 182 188 181 188 192 194 193 196 184 200 186 SUBSTITUTE MEASURE FOR HEIGHT The Suitability of Arm Span as a Substitute Measurement for Height (Title Of the Paper) Name Course College: Sept 22,2016 Abstract Arm span measure the distance from one end of the arm to other end while holding hand parallel to the ground raised at shoulder height at an angle of 90 degree to the ground. This paper seeks to find out the reliable substitute for height measurement. In this paper we have taken arm span as a reliable substitute. The data collected is the measure of the length of the arm span and height of the high school student in centimeters. Based on the person correlation between variables-arm span and height, we will found out whether arm span measure is a reliable substitute or not. Research study shows that there is a strong correlation between height and arm span and hence arm span can be used as a valid source of substitute. Introduction Arm span has is the measurement from one end of the arm (from fingertips) to other end when raised parallel to the ground at shoulder height at an angle of 90 degree. From ancient times, measurement of arm span has been a good substitute to measure person's height. Ratio between the length of the arm span and height is called apex ratio (Banik).The formula for which is written below: Apex ratio= Arm span Height An apex ratio greater than 1 is advantageous for sports like swimming whereas aspect ratio less than 1 is advantageous for sports like weightlifting where person does not need to lift weight to that much height. Research Question (2nd part-Research Question mentioned) . We will examine whether arm span can be used a suitable substitute for height. Question: Can arm span be used as a reliable substitute for height? Objective The overall objective of the research paper is to determine whether arm span can be used as a substitute to measure the height of the person. Pearson correlation and regression analysis will be used to determine whether substitute is significant or not. Data Collection(Data Source Given) Data has been collected based on the arm span and height of 24 high school students. Arm span and height are continuous variable and quantitaitive.The scales that is being measured is the ratio scale. Table 1 of Appendix shows the values for each individual height and arm span. As we have to measure the height of the person based on the height of the person therefore the dependent variable will be the person height and the independent variable will be arm span both being measured in centimeters. Method Used (Methods mentioned) Based on the random sample of 24 high school students, we will measure the respective arm span and height of the student. To measure the arm span and height, a ruler or a tape is required which will measure the height and arm span to the nearest centimeters, where each student will be asked to stand in front of the wall . Inferential test (Mentioned the inferential test) Based on the data for the height and arm span of 24 student we will estimate regression model for the relation between our independent variable-arm span and dependent variableheight of the person. We will also determine the strength of the relation or correlation coefficient between the variables and determine whether the correlation coefficient is significant at the desired confidence level (alpha=0.05).Hypothesis testing will also be done for the slope of the independent variable (arm span) to determine whether the slope is significant or not at the desired level of confidence. Limitations We should always take the measure while making the person looking straight and raise both hands perpendicular to the ground at shoulder height. It may lead to wrong measurement of both height and arm span if the person is not standing straight. This may lead to wrong result in determining the Pearson correlation between the variables. References Banik, Sudip Datta. Arm Span As A Proxy Measure For Height And Estimation Of Nutritional Status. "Data Session 7, Part A: Scatter Plots". Learner.org. N.p., 2016. Web. 22 Sept. 2016. Appendix Table 1. Arm Span(cm) Height(cm) 156 162 157 160 159 162 160 155 161 160 161 162 162 170 165 166 170 170 170 167 173 185 173 176 177 173 177 176 178 178 184 180 188 188 188 187 188 182 188 181 188 192 194 193 196 184 200 186 \fSUBSTITUTE MEASURE FOR HEIGHT The Suitability of Arm Span as a Substitute Measurement for Height Name Course College: Sept 22, 2016 1 Research Question Arm span is being used as a suitable substitute for the measurement of the height. The research question pertaining to the study include: Can arm span be used as a reliable substitute for height? Data Source (real or fabricated) The data has been collected based on the arm span and height of 24 high school students. Arm span and height are continuous and quantitative variable. It is a fabricated measurement of the arm span and height of 24 high school students. Independent Variable The independent variable being measured is the length of the arm span measured in centimeters. Independent Variable Type Independent variable is a quantitative variable being measured in the ratio scale and continuous. Dependent Variable The dependent variable is be the person height being measured in centimeters. Dependent Variable Type It is also a quantitative variable measured in the ratio scale and continuous. Inferential Test 2 The data set has only one sample which measures the height of 24 high school students. As both height and arm span measure are continuous therefore Pearson correlation will be used to determine the relation between the two variables-arm span and height. How many samples Type sample One sample only - one variable Variable Type Continuous One sample only - two variables Both Continuous Both Categorical 1 2 3 or more Paired sample Unpaired sample Unpaired sample Unpaired Categorical Statistical Test One sample t-test Chi Square Goodness of Fit Pearson correlation Chi Square Categorical Paired t-test Independent t-test Chi Square Continuous ANOVA Continuous 3 Proposal Component Points Title==> 10 Research Question==> Data Source (real or fabricated) If real - identify source ==> Independent Variable==> Independent Variable Type (Nominal, Ordinal, Continuous) ==> Dependent Variable==> Dependent Variable Type (Nominal, Ordinal, Continuous) ==> Inferential Test - use the decision table below to determine which tests to use. The decision will be based on the type of variables you specified above==> 15 10 10 15 10 15 How many samples Type sample One sample only - one variable Variable Type Continuous One sample only - two variables Both Continuous Both Categorical 1 2 3 or more Paired sample Unpaired sample Unpaired sample Unpaired Categorical 15 Statistical Test One sample t-test Chi Square Goodness of Fit Pearson correlation Chi Square Categorical Paired t-test Independent t-test Chi Square Continuous ANOVA Continuous Proposal Component Points Title==> Research Question==> Data Source (real or fabricated) If real - identify source ==> Independent Variable==> Independent Variable Type (Nominal, Ordinal, Continuous) ==> Dependent Variable==> Dependent Variable Type (Nominal, Ordinal, Continuous) ==> Inferential Test - use the decision table below to determine which tests to use. The decision will be based on the type of variables you specified above==> How many samples 3 or more Do you need me to fill this box? Do you need me to fill this box? Do you need me to fill this box? Do you need me to fill this box? Do you need me to fill this box? Do you need me to fill this box? Do you need me to fill this box? Type sample One sample only - one variable Variable Type Continuous One sample only - two variables Both Continuous Both Categorical 1 2 Do you need me to fill this box? Paired sample Unpaired sample Unpaired sample Unpaired Categorical Statistical Test One sample t-test Chi Square Goodness of Fit Pearson correlation Chi Square Categorical Paired t-test Independent t-test Chi Square Continuous ANOVA Continuous 10 15 10 10 15 10 15 15 Proposal Component Points The Suitability of Arm Span as a Title==> Substitute Measurement for Height 10 Can arm span be used as a reliable Research Question==> Data Source (real or fabricated) If real - identify source ==> Independent Variable==> Independent Variable Type (Nominal, Ordinal, Continuous) ==> Dependent Variable==> Dependent Variable Type (Nominal, Ordinal, Continuous) ==> Inferential Test - use the decision table below to determine which tests to use. The decision will be based on the type of variables you specified above==> How many samples 1 2 3 or more substitute for height? 15 Fabricated Length of the arm span measured in 10 centimeters. 10 Continuous Person height being measured in centimeters Contiguous Pearson correlation 15 Type sample One sample only - one variable Variable Type Continuous One sample only - two variables (Height and Arm span) Both Continuous Paired sample Unpaired sample Unpaired sample Unpaired Categorical Both Categorical Statistical Test One sample t-test Chi Square Goodness of Fit Pearson correlation Chi Square Categorical Paired t-test Independent t-test Chi Square Continuous ANOVA Continuous 10 15 15