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Prove that $N P ^ { N P cap operatorname { coNP } } = N P$ . Be sure you understand what

Prove that $N P^{N P \cap \operatorname{coNP}}=N P$. Be sure you understand what this means. A language is in $N P^{N P \cap c o N P}$ if it can be written in the form $\left\{x \mid \exists w: M^{A}(x, w)=1\right\}$, where $M$ is a poly-time oracle TM, and $A$ is a language in NP $\cap$ coNP. In other words, $A$ has both an "NP-style" algorithm and a "coNP-style" one. More formally, there are polytime TMs $M_{1}$ and $M_{2}$ such that $A=\left\{a \mid \exists w_{1}: M_{1}\left(a, w_{1}\right)=1\right\}=\left\{a \mid \forall w_{2}: M_{2}\left(a, w_{2}\right)=1\right\}$.
Hint: compare the situation to $N P^{N P}$ or $N P^{\text {coNP }}$, both of which are equal to $\Sigma_{2}$. Think about where the additional quantifier comes from in these cases, and why you might not need one in our problem.

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