PSY 520 - 0500 Graduate Statistics Module 8 Assignment Questions and Problems: Chapter 17 # 17, 20, 24, 26, 29 17. A study was conducted to determine whether big-city and small-town dwellers differed in their helplessness to strangers. In this study, the investigators rang the doorbells of strangers living in New York or in small towns in the vicinity. They explained they had misplaced the address of a friend living in the neighborhood and asked to use the phone. The following data show the number of individuals who admitted or who did not admit the strangers (the investigators) into their homes: Helpfulness to Strangers Allowed Strangers into Their Did Not Allow Strangers into Home 60 Big-City Dweller Small-Town Dweller Their Home 90 150 70 30 100 130 120 250 Do big-city dwellers differ in their helpfulness to strangers? Use = 0.05 in making your decision. 20. A researcher believes that individuals in different occupations will show differences in their ability to be hypnotized. Six lawyers, six physicians, and six professional dancers are randomly selected for the experiment. A test of hypnotic susceptibility is administered to each. The results are shown in the next column. The higher the score, the higher the hypnotic ability. Assume the data violate the assumptions required for use of the F test, but are at least of ordinal scaling. Using = 0.05, what is your conclusion? Condition 1 Lawyers Condition 2 Physicians Condition 3 Dancers 26 14 30 17 19 21 27 28 35 32 22 29 20 25 37 25 15 34 24. A psychologist investigates the hypothesis that birth order affects assertiveness. Her subjects are 20 young adults between 20 and 25 years of age. There are seven first-born, six second-born, and seven third -born subjects. Each subject is given an assertiveness test, with the following results. High scores indicate greater assertiveness. Assume that the data are so far from normally distributed that the F test can't be used, but the data are at least of ordinal scaling. Use = 0.01 to evaluate the data. What is your conclusion? Condition 1 Condition 2 First -born Second -Born Condition 3 Third - born 18 18 7 8 12 19 4 3 2 21 24 30 28 22 18 32 1 5 10 14 26. A major oil company conducts an experiment to assess whether a film designed to tell the truth about, and also promote more favorable attitudes toward, large oil companies really does result in more favorable attitudes. Twelve individuals are run in a replicated measures design. In the \"Before\" condition, each subject fills out a questionnaire designed to assess attitudes towards large oil companies. In the \"After\" condition, the subjects see the film, after which they fill out the questionnaire. The following scores were obtained. High scores indicate more favorable attitudes toward large oil companies. Before After 43 45 48 60 25 22 24 33 15 7 18 22 35 41 28 21 41 55 26 33 34 44 12 23 Analyze the data using the Wilcoxon signed scale test with = 0.052 tail. What do you conclude? 29. A social scientist believes that university theology professors are more conservative in political orientation than their colleagues in psychology. A random sample of 8 professors from the theology department and 12 professors from the psychology department at a local university are given a 50 - point questionnaire that measures the degree of political conservatism. The following scores were obtained. Higher scores indicate greater conservatism. a. What is the alternative hypothesis? In this case, assume a nondirectional hypothesis is appropriate because there are insufficient theoretical and empirical bases to warrant a directional hypothesis. b. What is the null hypothesis? c. What is your conclusion? Use the Mann - Whitney U test and = 0.052 tail. Theology Psychology Professors Professors 36 13 42 25 22 40 48 29 31 10 35 26 47 43 38 17 12 32 27 32