PY C3H1:

1)

Match the process with the fundamental interaction responsible for this process. A neutron outside a nucleus decays into a proton, electron, and antineutrino Protons and neutrons attract each other in a nucleus Protons in a nucleus repel each other The Earth pulls on the MoonThe strong interaction The gravitational Interaction The weak interaction The electromagnetic interactionThe mass of the Sun is 2x10 0 kg, and the mass of the Earth is 6x102# kg. The distance from the Sun to the Earth is 1.5x10-! (a) Calculate the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted by the Sun on the Earth. N (b) Calculate the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted by the Earth on the Sun. N(a) Calculate the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted by Mercury on a 60 kg human standing on the surface of Mercury. (The mass of Mercury is 3.3x102 kg and its radius is 2.4x10 m.) N (b) Calculate the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted by the human on Mercury. N (c) For comparison, calculate the approximate magnitude of the gravitational force of this human on a similar human who is standing 3 meters away. N (d) What approximations or simplifying assumptions must you make in these calculations? (Note: Some of these choices are false because they are wrong physics!) Use the same gravitational constant in (a) and (b) despite its dependence on the size of the masses. O Ignore the effects of the Sun, which alters the gravitational force that one object exerts on another. 0 Treat the humans as though they were points or uniform-density spheres. Treat Mercury as though it were spherically symmetric.At a particular instant the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted by a planet on one of its moons is 3 x 1024 N. (a) If the mass of the moon were six times as large, what would the magnitude of the force be? N (b) If instead the distance between the moon and the planet were six times as large (no change in mass), what would the magnitude of the force be? NA planet exerts a gravitational force of magnitude 9e22 N on a star. If the planet were 4 times closer to the star (that is, if the distance between the star and the planet were 1/4 what is is now), what would be the magnitude of the force on the star due to the planet? IN{A moon orbits a planet in the xy plane, as shown in the figure. You want to calculate the force on the moon by the planet at each location labeled by a letter (A,B,C,D). At each of these locations, what are (a) the unit vector /, and (b) the unit vector P in the direction of the force? At A: * = At B At C At D: * =A planet of mass 4 x 1024 kg is at location (5 x 101], -5 . 101], 0) m. A star of mass 4 * 1030 kg is at location (-4 x 10]], 5 . 101], 0) m. It will be useful to draw a diagram of the situation, including the relevant vectors. (a) What is the relative position vector 7 pointing from the planet to the star? m (b) What is the distance between the planet and the star? IF = m (c) What is the unit vector + in the direction of F? F = (d) What is the magnitude of the force exerted on the planet by the star? IFon planetl = N (e) What is the magnitude of the force exerted on the star by the planet? IFon starl = N (f) What is the force (vector) exerted on the planet by the star? (Note the change in units.) Fon planet = x 1020 N (g) What is the force (vector) exerted on the star by the planet? (Note the change in units.) Fon star = * 1020 NA planet of mass 7 x 1024 kg is at location m. A star of mass 9 x 1030 kg is at location m. What is the force exerted on the planet by the star? (It will probably be helpful to draw a diagram, including the relevant vectors.) Fon planet = NIf the mass of a planet is 3.10 x 10*# kg, and its radius is 4.60 x 10" m, what is the magnitude of the gravitational field, g, on the planet's surface? N/kg An object of mass 14 kg rests on the surface of this planet. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force on the object? Fgrav = N