Python 3 2048 Game

This is the unfilled code that must be answered :

import random as rnd import os import sys

class Grid(): def __init__(self, row=4, col=4, initial=2): self.row = row # number of rows in grid self.col = col # number of columns in grid self.initial = initial # number of initial cells filled self.score = 0

self._grid = self.createGrid(row, col) # creates the grid specified above

self.emptiesSet = list(range(row * col)) # list of empty cells

for _ in range(self.initial): # assignation to two random cells self.assignRandCell(init=True)

def createGrid(self, row, col):

""" Create the grid here using the arguments row and col as the number of rows and columns of the grid to be made.

The function should return the grid to be used in __init__() """

pass

def setCell(self, cell, val):

""" This function should take two arguments cell and val and assign the cell of the grid numbered 'cell' the value in val.

This function does not need to return anything.

You should use this function to change values of the grid. """

pass

def getCell(self, cell):

"""" This function should return the value in cell number 'cell' of the grid.

You should use this function to access values of the grid """

pass

def assignRandCell(self, init=False):

""" This function assigns a random empty cell of the grid a value of 2 or 4.

In __init__() it only assigns cells the value of 2.

The distribution is set so that 75% of the time the random cell is assigned a value of 2 and 25% of the time a random cell is assigned a value of 4 """

if len(self.emptiesSet): cell = rnd.sample(self.emptiesSet, 1)[0] if init: self.setCell(cell, 2) else: cdf = rnd.random() if cdf > 0.75: self.setCell(cell, 4) else: self.setCell(cell, 2) self.emptiesSet.remove(cell)

def drawGrid(self):

""" This function draws the grid representing the state of the game grid """

for row_index in range(self.row): line = '\t|' for col_index in range(self.col): if not self.getCell((row_index * self.col) + col_index): line += ' '.center(5) + '|' else: line += str(self.getCell((row_index * self.col) + col_index)).center(5) + '|' print(line) print()

def updateEmptiesSet(self):

""" This function should update the list of empty cells of the grid. """

pass

def collapsible(self):

""" This function should test if the grid of the game is collapsible in any direction (left, right, up or down.)

It should return True if the grid is collapsible. It should return False otherwise. """

pass

def collapseRow(self, lst):

""" This function takes a list lst and collapses it to the LEFT. If there is a merge in the collapse process self.score should be updated as per the 2048 rules

This function should return two values: 1. the collapsed list and 2. True if the list is collapsed and False otherwise. """

pass

def collapseLeft(self):

""" This function should use collapseRow() to collapse all the rows in the grid to the LEFT.

This function should return True if any row of the grid is collapsed and False otherwise. """

pass

def collapseRight(self):

""" This function should use collapseRow() to collapse all the rows in the grid to the RIGHT.

This function should return True if any row of the grid is collapsed and False otherwise. """

pass

def collapseUp(self):

""" This function should use collapseRow() to collapse all the columns in the grid to UPWARD.

This function should return True if any column of the grid is collapsed and False otherwise. """

pass def getScore(self): return self.score

def collapseDown(self):

""" This function should use collapseRow() to collapse all the columns in the grid to DOWNWARD.

This function should return True if any column of the grid is collapsed and False otherwise. """

pass

class Game(): def __init__(self, row=4, col=4, initial=2):

""" Creates a game grid and begins the game """

self.game = Grid(row, col, initial) self.play()

def printPrompt(self):

""" Prints the instructions and the game grid with a move prompt """ print('Press "w", "a", "s", or "d" to move Up, Left, Down or Right respectively.') print('Enter "p" to quit. ') self.game.drawGrid() print(' Score: ' + str(self.game.getScore()))

def play(self):

moves = {'w' : 'Up', 'a' : 'Left', 's' : 'Down', 'd' : 'Right'}

stop = False collapsible = True

while not stop and collapsible: self.printPrompt() key = input(' Enter a move: ')

while not key in list(moves.keys()) + ['p']: self.printPrompt() key = input(' Enter a move: ')

if key == 'p': stop = True else: move = getattr(self.game, 'collapse' + moves[key]) collapsed = move()

if collapsed: self.game.updateEmptiesSet() self.game.assignRandCell()

collapsible = self.game.collapsible()

if not collapsible: print() self.game.drawGrid() print(' Score: ' + str(self.game.getScore())) print('No more legal moves.')

def main(): game = Game()

#main()

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we have to implement the 2048 game by completing each task :

Task 1

Your first task will be to implement the function createGrid() that takes two parameters row and col and returns the grid for the game. You will be using a list of lists to represent the grid. The list should contain row number of lists, each with a length col. All the elements of this data structure should be 0. Once you are done implementing the function, append the following lines to the bottom of your program:

grid = Grid()

print(grid._grid)

If your function is implemented correctly, you should see the following output:

[[0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0]] 

Task 2

Once you are finished with Task 1, you can begin this task. Be sure to erase the test code from the previous task. Now, you will implement the setCell() and getCell() functions to set and access values in the grid. We can imagine the elements of the grid to be associated with a cell number. That is each element of the grid is a cell. S_o, in a (4 x 4) grid, the cells are numbered 0 through 15. As a result, instead of accessing an element using, say,grid._grid[1][2], we access that element with grid.getCell(6). Implement setCell() such that it takes two arguments, cell and val, and assigns the value of val to cell number cell in the grid. Implement getCell() such that it takes an argument, cell, and returns the value in the grid at cell number cell. Once you are done implementing the functions, append the following lines to the bottom of your program:

grid = Grid()

grid.setCell(6, 8)

print(grid._grid[1][2])

print(grid.getCell(6))

If your functions are implemented correctly, with the default values, you should see the following output:

8 8 

The variable_grid is actually considered to be a private attribute and should not be manipulated directly. All forms of manipulating the grid in your program should be done using setCell() and getCell() functions. Erase the test codes before continuing. Now, uncomment lines 16 and 17 in the program. The two lines should look like this:

for _ in range(self.initial): self.assignRandCell(init=True)

Once you have uncommented those two lines. Add the following lines of code to the bottom of your program and run it:

grid = Grid()

grid.drawGrid()

Running your program should print output that looks like

| | | | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | | | 

Don't worry if the2's are in different positions. The function assignRand() places2's in random empty tiles. The function drawGrid()is also already done for you so it need not be changed or re-written.

Task 3

Implement the collapsible() function. This function should return True if the grid can be collapsed in any of the four directions. It should return False otherwise. Uncomment the line near the bottom that calls the function testCollapsible()and run the file with Python. If your implementation is correct it should print that all the tests have passed.

Hint: One of the tests that should be done to determine if the grid is collapsible or not is to find if there is an empty tile in the grid.

Task 4

In Task 4 you must complete the collapseRow() function. This function is given a list of numbers as an argument and it should return a LEFT-collapsed list, and a True if the list was collapsed or False if it was not. The code for your function must collapse the list conforming to the rules of 2048. That is, if it is passed the list [2, 0, 2, 4], after collapsing to the left the function should return the list [4, 4, 0, 0] and the bool value True. If the numbers are merged during the collapse process, then the score must be updated by the result of the addition. For example, in the above example if initial score was 0, then the score after the collapse should be 4. In order to test your implementation, you can use the check.py file that is given to you. Uncomment the line near the bottom that calls the function testCollapseRow() and run the file with Python. If your implementation is correct it should print that all the tests have passed. Please note that the testCollapseRow() ONLY checks whether the collapsing has occurred in the list correctly or not. It does not test if the score is updated correctly.

Task 5

In this task, you will use the collapseRow() function to implement collapseLeft(),collapseRight(), collapseDown() and collapseUp(). For collapseLeft(), you merely need to collapse every row of the grid using collapseRow().collapseRight() is implemented similarly except, in this case, you would reverse each row before collapsing them. Use this idea, to implement collapseDown() and collapseUp(). All four functions should return True if the grid was collapsed and False otherwise. The check.py file contains tests for collapseLeft(),collapseRight,collapseUp and collapseDown() that you can use to check your implementation.

Task 6

Implement the function updateEmptiesSet(). This function is used after every collapse action in the game. The function should update the emptiesSet list to contain the new set of empty cells after a collapse. Tests for this function can be found in the check.py file.