Q. Solve the problem following a standard procedure. (50 Marks) Sugar is used as an important ingredient to prepare different food items. It is produced from sugarcane. You are intended to perform a material balance of a plant that produce 100-kg sugar per day (24 h operation) from the sugarcane. Actual process is complex. To facilitate the material balance calculation, the process has been simplified as follows: Consider that sugarcane contains 70 wt% water (W), 15 wt% sugar (S), 13 wt % fiber (F) and balanced non-sugar carbohydrates (NSC). To produce sugar, sugarcane is crushed in a crusher and filtered in a filter to get thin sugarcane juice and bagasse as separate streams. Bagasse is removed from the bottom of the filter. Assume that bagasse contains 96 wt% fiber (F), unknown water (W), and non-sugar carbohydrates (NSC), but no sugar. Consider that 95 % of feed fiber (F) is removed as bagasse from the filter. The thin sugarcane juice obtained as filtrate is then heated in an evaporator to remove water as vapor from the top of the evaporator. Consider that the concentrated sugarcane juice from evaporator containing two-third sugar by mass is then feed to a crystallizer. There are two streams from the crystallizer. One hundred kilogram/ day crystal raw sugar is removed as product from the crystallizer. Assume 97 % feed sugar is recovered as product that contains only 2 wt% water and no other impurities. Molasses is recovered as a byproduct from the bottom of the crystallizer. Consider that molasses, which contains 80.7 wt% of feed non-sugar carbohydrates (NSC), is composed of 20.48 wt% non-sugar carbohydrates (NSC), unknown water (W), fiber (F), and sugar (F). i) ii) iii) Draw the flow chart of the process and label it. (10 Marks) Perform degree of freedom analyses of the process. State where to start the calculation. (10 marks = 8 +2) Write general mass balance equation and simplify it for the mentioned process. State the reason if you ignore any terms from the general balance equation. (5 marks = 3 +2) Calculate all the unknown stream flowrates and compositions. (20 marks) Calculate the amount of sugarcane per year that can be processed with this process if it runs 8 hours a day for 360 days a year. Assume steady state operation with no accumulation. (5 marks) iv) v)