Q1. Cost and Pricing - Many businesses are offering their products and services over the Internet. Find a well-known company and determine the following: 1. A specific product (or service) description 2. The product retail price. 3. Based on your responses to parts (1) and (2), along with the description of the company's business, identify the potential costs (estimate these costs based on your research) that are required to provide the product selected in part (1) and categorize them as fixed or variable using the related individual costs. 4. Based on the cost analysis from part 3 above, calculate the hypothetical unit contribution margin per incremental unit (use the formula and show your calculation). 5. Select one direct cost and one overhead cost from the data above; explain a possible variance for each of the costs in detail. Q2. Activity-Based Costing 1. Define activity-based costing ( \\( A B C) \\) systems. What benefits does implementing an \\( A B C \\) system bring to the company? Explain at least two benefits in detail (Explain why). 2. What are the disadvantages of implementing an \\( A B C \\) system? List and explain at least two and support with examples. Q3. Non-Financial Performance Many city and county governments are discovering that you can control only what you measure. As a result, many municipal governments are introducing non-financial performance measures to help improve municipal services. Use the Google search engine to perform a search for \"municipal government performance measurement.\" Google will provide a list of Internet sites that outline various city efforts in using nonfinancial performance measures. a. Report on the types of measures used by one of the cities you found in your search. Provide a summary of what your research found. Q4. Personal Investment Analysis Find the cost of a bachelor's degree at the university of your choice; assume additional costs of \\( \\$ 16,000 \\) for an additional fifth year of education to get a master's degree. Assume that all tuition is paid at the beginning of each year. A student considering this investment must evaluate the present value of cash flows from possessing a graduate degree versus holding only an undergraduate degree. Assume that the average student with an undergraduate degree is expected to earn an annual salary of \\( \\$ 55,000 \\) per year (assumed to be paid at the end of the year) for 10 years. Q4. Personal Investment Analysis Find the cost of a bachelor's degree at the university of your choice; assume additional costs of \\( \\$ 16,000 \\) for an additional fifth year of education to get a master's degree. Assume that all tuition is paid at the beginning of each year. A student considering this investment must evaluate the present value of cash flows from possessing a graduate degree versus holding only an undergraduate degree. Assume that the average student with an undergraduate degree is expected to earn an annual salary of \\( \\$ 55,000 \\) per year (assumed to be paid at the end of the year) for 10 years. Assume that the average student with a graduate master's degree is expected to earn an annual salary of \\( \\$ 76,000 \\) per year (assumed to be paid at the end of the year) for nine years after graduation. Assume a minimum rate of return of \10. 1. Determine the net present value of cash flows for the cost of education based on \10 rate for the undergraduate degree. 2. Determine the net present value of cash flows from the 10 years' salary of an undergraduate degree. Use the present value table provided in Chapter 26. 3. Determine the net present value of cash flows for the cost of education based on \10 rate for the master's degree. 4. Determine the net present value of cash flows from the 9 years' salary of a master's degree, assuming that no salary is earned during the graduate year of schooling. 5. Calculate and compare the net advantage or disadvantage of pursuing a graduate degree under these assumptions