Q.1 Explain OSI Model with protocols on each layer in detail.

Q.2 Explain switching logic in detail with the help of a diagram.

Q.3 What is IPv4 Subnetting? Define and explain the different ways to do subnetting.

Q.4 How many subnets and hosts are in the 172.18.10.0/27 network?

Q.5 What is the Network and broadcast address for 15.16.1.25/29?

Q.6 Calculate the number of subnets for each given Network Address and broadcast address and valid host addresses for each subnet:

a. 101.11.1.0/25

b. 19.10.1.0/28

c. 136.10.10.0/26

d. 173.147.16.0/30