Q1: Languages such as Lisp and Python are dynamically typed, whereas languages such as C++ and Java are statically typed. Discuss the costs and benefits of each kind of typing.

Q2: Explain the difference between a data structure and an abstract data type (ADT), using two examples.

Q3: Assembly language uses branch instructions to implement loops and selection statements. Explain why for loop and if statements in high-level languages represent an improvement on this assembly language technique.