Q1. There is some evidence that REM sleep, associated with dreaming, may also play a role in learning and memory processing. For example, Smith and Lapp (1991) found increased REM activity for college students during exam periods. Suppose that REM activity for a sample of n = 16 students during the final exam period produced an average score of M = 143. Regular REM activity for the college population averages = 110 with a standard deviation of 50. The population distribution is approximately normal.

a. Do the data from this sample provide evidence for a significant increase in REM activity during exams?

b. Compute Cohen's d to estimate the size of the effect