Q1-Slide 1

-Metacognition is defined as "the ability to manage one's cognitive abilities". This includes knowing how much one knows about a topic, where to find the relevant information, planning the possible solutions to a problem, choosing the best solution, and evaluating the consequences of the choice. These processes are crucial in learning, higher metacognitive abilities leading to higher learning performances.

-A researcher is interested in whether a personalized learning system, which provides the learner with the feedback on how they are doing and what they need to do in the process, would take the learner's ability to manage their own cognitive skills away, thus decreasing metacognitive abilities. They design three versions of an online learning system called "Super Learner". One version doesn't provide any feedback on the learner's process (Control), second version only provides feedback on their final performance (Traditional), and the third version provides personalized feedback on the learner's strengths and weaknesses during learning in addition to the final feedback (Super Learner).

Q1-Slide 2

-386 college students from a large public university participate in the study. 124 participants are randomly assigned to the control group, 115 are randomly assigned to the traditional group, and 147 are randomly assigned to the super learner group.

The participants use the system they were assigned to every day for three weeks. After three weeks, their metacognitive abilities are measured with the Metacognitive Awareness Inventory. Higher scores on the inventory indicates higher levels of metacognition.

-The researcher has already calculated the sum of the squared deviation scores for the between and within groups variances. Using this information, what should this researcher conclude (alpha =.05)?

SSB=4.8627

SSW=11286

Q2-Slide 1

-A researcher explores whether presenting animated pictures with a written learning material would increase learning performance. 25 participants read a passage about lightning formation with no pictures, 24 participants read the same passage with statis pictures, and 26 participants read the same passage with animated pictures. Participants' learning performances were measured with a multiple-choice comprehension test after the learning session. The dataset can be found on Blackboard. Using the 4-step hypotheses testing, what should this researcher conclude (alpha=.05)?