Q24 All of the following are accounting factors that can drive a firms price-earnings ratio in a given period to be higher than that of other firms in the same industry except:

	a.	a greater degree of accounting conservatism that requires expensing R&D or other intangible asset-generating activities
	b.	a greater degree of accounting conservatism regarding accelerated depreciation of PP&E
	c.	non-recurring expenses or losses in that period
	d.	a less conservative accounting stance that uses straight-line depreciation rather than accelerated methods