Q3 A B Explain the role of Value Analysis and Value Engineering with the NPD projects and product portfolios within firms. The owner of a firm which uses 3D printing to make child oriented play and educational furniture for the EU market wishes to understand his obligations in relation to the EU General Product Safety and Product Liability Directives. He has recently read that over 80% of the product child safety issues reported in the EU are from imported toys. He also mentions that he is compe ting against firms where they provide a 3D print file to the customer which they print the product themselves. Com pare and contrast their product liability. The owner of the firm requests you to prepare a report outlining the firm's product liability obligations in this case. You are also requested to explain the firm's obligations with regard to the EU Directives and to make recommendations on how these risks can be minimised in future products. In particular you are requested to focus on explaining:

i) Product Liability Directive

ii) European Product Safety Directive

iii) Com pare and contrast the obligations from these two directives as they apply to this product domain.

iv) Recommend a course of action for the owner of the firm that would minimise his compliance risk for these obligations.

v) How does the firm's obligations change given that he is using a new and innovative manufacturing technique?

vi) Compare and contrast the product liability with the 3D printing competitors.