Qualified Retirement Plan Contr$$butions

Mr$.$ Quincy and Mrs$.$ Russ, who are both in the $35$ percent marginal tax bracket, have decided to contribute $$20,000$ annual before$-$tax earned income to a retirement fund. Both funds earn an annual $5$ percent rate of return and involve the same financial risk. The only difference is that Mr$.$ Quincy's fund is a qualified retirement plan, while Mrs$.$ Russ's fund is not. The following table shows the calculation of the balances in the two funds after $25$ years: