Question 1 Nitrobenzene is made by the direct nitration of benzene by nitric acid in the presence of strong sulphuric acid solution: CH, + HNO, CH.NO, +H,0 The actual nitrating agent is the nitronium ion, NO2, and the sulphuric acid is needed to generate this from the nitric acid feed. Reconcentrated sulphuric acid, of strength 74% by weight and XC is mixed with pure nitric acid at 25C to give a nitric acid strength in the mixture of 7.5% by weight. The heat of mixing causes a temperature rise to 95C. The mixed acid is then passed through a heat exchanger to bring its final temperature to 65C and fed to the reactor. Liquid benzene at 25C is also fed to the reactor at a rate to give a 10% stoichiometric excess based on the nitric acid flow. The reactor operates adiabatically and gives 100% conversion of the nitric acid. All products leave the reactor as liquids at Y'C. The sulphuric acid is re-concentrated to 74% and recycled, while the nitrobenzene is sent for purification. Using the attached thermodynamic data, you are asked to calculate: (1) the temperature, XC of the reconcentrated sulphuric acid