Question 11 pts

Cost engineering

Group of answer choices

The application of scientific and detailed analysis principles to several aspects of a project budget. Among other things, workers in this area contribute to estimation procedures and project budget development. This may also be referred to as project controls in some industries.

This uses the schedule, cost, and scope baselines to create a point of comparison by which project performance is assessed. Variance from the performance measurement baseline may prompt corrective action.

Involves strategic efforts to improve aspects of organizational performance such as efficacy, efficiency, and sustainability, as well as aspects of organizational health such as employee satisfaction and engagement. This term may also refer to a field of study focusing on the characteristics of organizations and their growth and evolution.

Details what a project is meant to achieve and describes the deliverables expected. It forms the basis of measurable objectives by which the success of a project will be assessed. These are typically part of project plans.

Flag question: Question 2Question 21 pts

Acceptance test

Group of answer choices

A test in which a team of end users runs a product through its full range of use to identify potential problems.

The process of coordinating assurance activities across a number of assurance providers.

The phrase "what can go wrong will go wrong" is cited in project management as a reason to plan adequately for contingencies.

An invitation for expressions of interest that a procuring organization extends. (See also request for proposal)

Flag question: Question 3Question 31 pts

PEST analysis

Group of answer choices

The amount by which actual project performance is worse than planned project performance. Negative variances in time and budget show the project is taking longer and is more expensive than planned, respectively.

A type of evaluation that examines how a variety of environmental factors such as economic or technological might affect a project.

Assesses organizational performance in portfolio, program, and project management via a set of key process areas (KPAs). This term allows organizations to measure their performance against external benchmarks and provides a roadmap for project performance and delivery improvement.

This term is used to define the sum of unique skills that team members bring to a project. These skills can be harnessed for collective benefit.

Flag question: Question 4Question 41 pts

Do nothing option

Group of answer choices

An element of a project business case that states the consequences, if any, of not undertaking the project.

A nonrenewable resource that cannot be used once consumed.

The probability of occurrence of a specific event that affects the pursuit of objectives. This term is not negative by definition. In project management, opportunities are also considered this term.

Any party which may be affected by a project. The term usually refers to parties with an interest in the successful completion of a project.

Flag question: Question 5Question 51 pts

Program manager

Group of answer choices

This role has formal authority to manage a collection of projects with a unifying purpose and is responsible for meeting its objectives as part of organizational project management methods.

A method used to estimate the shortest length of time needed to complete a project and to determine the amount of float for activities that are not part of the critical path.

A dependency between project activities or between project activities and milestones.

An objective set by an individual or an organization. It is a desired endpoint reached by setting and working towards targets.

Flag question: Question 6Question 61 pts

Responsibility assignment matrix

Group of answer choices

A nonrenewable resource that cannot be used once consumed.

Identifies those who are: responsible for project activities, accountable for ensuring that work is done, consulted about work activities, and informed about the work status.

An approach to managing projects that emphasizes the resources needed to complete project activities over activity order and durations set in a schedule. It uses resource optimization techniques like resource leveling and requires that activity start times be flexible.

On a schedule network diagram, this occurs when an activity has multiple predecessors.

Flag question: Question 7Question 71 pts

Iteration

Group of answer choices

A project definition or project charter is a document created by a project manager and approved by a project sponsor that details the scope, organization, and objectives of a project. It authorizes a project manager's use of resources for a project and constitutes an agreement between the sponsor, stakeholders, and project manager.

A critical success factor is an aspect of a project that is crucial to the success of the project.

A concept from iterative software development that specifies a fixed time cycle for development work, typically a few weeks long. The development life cycle consists of a number of these, sometimes with a functional version of the software produced at the end of each one. This development prioritizes time over scope, so there are rarely concrete requirements to be achieved in this.

Enhancement, maintenance, and upgrade are project classifications used in the software development industry. Enhancement projects involve improving the functionality or performance of software. Maintenance projects keep software functioning as expected. Upgrade projects create a new version of the software, called a release.

Flag question: Question 8Question 81 pts

Program management

Group of answer choices

This method details and considers the background, objectives, scope, constraints, assumptions, risks, and deliverables of new projects.

The collective management of projects related through unifying purpose and their components in line with concepts of organizational project management.

The specific requirements expected of project deliverables. To be formally accepted, deliverables must meet all acceptance criteria.

A metaphor for the increased accuracy in estimation made possible as a project progresses.

Flag question: Question 9Question 91 pts

Planned value (PV)

Group of answer choices

The budget assigned to the work it is meant to accomplish. (See also budgeted cost for work scheduled)

A system of activities by which a business creates a specific result for its customers. There are three categories of business processes: management processes, operational processes, and supporting processes.

The use of an information system to estimate, measure, and control costs through the project life cycle. It aims at completing projects within budgets.

A concept used in complex hard projects to assess and examine the entire construction process before beginning construction. It reduces the number of errors, setbacks, and delays once construction work actually begins.

Flag question: Question 10Question 101 pts

Core process

Group of answer choices

A limitation on a project. Among other things, this term may be based on financial capabilities, time, or resource availability.

A table that tracks detailed descriptions of product or deliverable expectations through the project life cycle and product testing. It is used to ensure that a project is able to deliver the stipulated requirements during the verification process.

The extent to which an organization's methods, processes, and decisions are standardized and optimized. This term assesses one or more of these aspects against a set of external benchmarks. They allow organizations to assess themselves according to management best practices. They typically offer recommendations for improvement.

A procedure that follows an established order and is central to the performance of the system or project of which it is part.

Flag question: Question 11Question 111 pts

Budget

Group of answer choices

Identifies stakeholders' quality expectations and details quality assurance and quality control policies to monitor results and meet these expectations. It is part of a project management plan.

The cost associated with ensuring project quality. This cost may mean the difference between unacceptable and acceptable project results.

A life cycle in which certain phases are conducted in parallel (they overlap).

The sum of money allocated for a project. The term may also refer to a comprehensive list of revenues and expenses.

Flag question: Question 12Question 121 pts

Project management software

Group of answer choices

The amount of time by which an activity can be postponed without affecting the early start dates of a successor activity.

This refers to the document produced during a project's concept phase. It is the primary document outlining requirements.

A technique that subjectively analyzes risk probability and impact. The risks are categorized on a probability and impact matrix, and those deemed significant may undergo a quantitative risk analysis.

A family of tools typically used in the management of complex projects. They provide the ability to calculate estimates, create and manage schedules and budgets, and track and oversee project activities.

Flag question: Question 13Question 131 pts

Handover

Group of answer choices

The practice of identifying and solving business problems. It focuses on creating and implementing solutions to business needs via organizational development, process reengineering, or any number of other methods.

The process by which a team builds infrastructure. These are complex. Engineers and architects supervise them, while a project manager manages the project work.

In the project life cycle, this is the point at which deliverables are given to users.

The smallest unit of work necessary to complete a project work package (which includes multiple activities). Time, resources, and finances are required to complete each activity.

Flag question: Question 14Question 141 pts

Product verification

Group of answer choices

The opportunity cost of a particular course of action is the loss of potential gains from all alternative courses of action.

The estimated total cost for all project work, calculated as the sum of the actual cost and the estimate to complete.

The process of constructing a project schedule network diagram. It illustrates the logical relationships between project activities and shows the order in which they must be performed by using nodes to represent activities and arrows to show dependencies. Also indicates early and late start and finish dates, as well as activity durations.

Involves examining a deliverable to ensure, among other things, that it meets requirements, quality benchmarks, and expectations set by the product description. It is conducted before a product is presented to a customer for acceptance.

Flag question: Question 15Question 151 pts

Enterprise modeling

Group of answer choices

The expected financial gain of a project expressed as a percentage of total project investment. It is used to assess the overall profitability of a project.

A decision to take no action against a threat. Project teams typically accept risks when they fall below risk thresholds or when the team thinks it best to act only if and when a threat occurs. (See also risk acceptance)

A technique that makes use of float when allocating resources so as not to affect total project duration. It is used when project time constraints are important. This does not affect a project's critical path.

The creation of a visual or otherwise captured simplification to represent an organization's structure, processes, and resources. These are built to increase understanding of how organizations work. They form the basis of improvement or restructuring efforts.

Flag question: Question 16Question 161 pts

This process involves examining a deliverable to ensure, among other things, that it meets requirements, quality benchmarks, and expectations set by the description. It is conducted before a deliverable is presented to a customer for acceptance.

Group of answer choices

Logic network

Cost-plus-fixed-fee contract (CPFC)

Product verification

P3 management

Flag question: Question 17Question 171 pts

A visual representation of the activities and dependencies involved in the successful completion of a project.

Group of answer choices

Project network

Flowchart

Acceptance criteria

Cost-plus-percentage-of-cost contract (CPPC)

Flag question: Question 18Question 181 pts

The collective management of sets of an organization's work and the components of that work in line with concepts of organizational project management.

Group of answer choices

Portfolio management

Future state

Precedence network

Residual risk

Flag question: Question 19Question 191 pts

The people who will directly benefit from a project. A team typically executes a project with specific attention to their requirements.

Group of answer choices

Client/customer

PEST analysis

BOSCARD

Life cycle

Flag question: Question 20Question 201 pts

Project activities that management or others with decision-making capacity approve.

Group of answer choices

Change control board

Concurrent engineering

Authorized work

Change freeze

Flag question: Question 21Question 211 pts

A test in which a team of end users runs a product through its full range of use to identify potential problems.

Group of answer choices

Quality, cost, delivery (QCD)

Criticality index

Negative variance

Acceptance test

Flag question: Question 22Question 221 pts

In the project life cycle, this is the point at which deliverables are given to users.

Group of answer choices

Lag/Lag time

Handover

Actual cost of work performed (ACWP)

Hand-me-down

Flag question: Question 23Question 231 pts

The entire process used to build its deliverables. These patterns or models are typically divided into a number of phases. A variety of models are in use in project management.

Group of answer choices

Life cycle

Network path

Lateral thinking

Planned value (PV)

Flag question: Question 24Question 241 pts

A document that explains what a program means to accomplish and describes a program's contribution to organizational objectives.

Group of answer choices

Requirements management plan

Project blueprint

Project management software

Capability maturity model (CMM)

Flag question: Question 25Question 251 pts

In project management, this is a measure of a deliverable's degree of excellence. It may also refer to a clearly defined set of stakeholder requirements by which results are assessed.

Group of answer choices

Estimation

Merge point

Quality

Portfolio

Flag question: Question 26Question 261 pts

The application of scientific principles to several aspects of cost management. Among other things, responsible parties conducting this kind of work contribute to estimation procedures and project budget management. This may also be called project controls in some industries.

Group of answer choices

Cost-plus-fixed-fee contract (CPFC)

Life cycle

Change management plan

Cost engineering

Flag question: Question 27Question 271 pts

The entire ensemble of activities or organizational processes through which a company uses its assets to create value for its customers.

Group of answer choices

Process management

Business operations

Activity identifier

Portfolio management

Flag question: Question 28Question 281 pts

The hierarchical breaking down of project deliverables into smaller components that are easier to plan and manage.

Group of answer choices

Resource smoothing

Integrated change control

Consensus

Decomposition

Flag question: Question 29Question 291 pts

A necessary break or delay between activities.

Group of answer choices

Lag/Lag time

Activity code

Forward pass

Conceptual project planning

Flag question: Question 30Question 301 pts

A point in a network diagram at which multiple predecessor activities culminate in a single successor activity. The successor activity may not start until all the predecessor activities have finished.

Group of answer choices

Project manager

Merge point

Information distribution

Business requirements