Question 14

In which situation would it be most appropriate to use the mean of the set of numbers to describe the data set instead of the median?

Group of answer choices

165, 165, 177, 178, 186, 199, 211

152, 157, 159, 163, 164, 165, 976

0, 899, 906, 912, 915, 917, 919

0, 57, 847, 859, 866, 866, 872

Question 15

A newly proposed endoscopy method used to screen for colon cancer is tested among a random sample of the population. Given that 16 individuals from a test population of 100,000 individuals has colon cancer and 14 of the 16individuals test positive for colon cancer, the researchers should determine the sensitivity of the newly proposed screening method is .875.

Group of answer choices

True

False

Question 16

If there are outliers, then the mean will be greater than the median.

Group of answer choices

True

False

Question 17

Incidence reflects the likelihood of developing a disease among a group of participants free of the disease who are considered at risk of developing the disease over a specified observation period; prevalence involves estimating the proportion of people who have disease at a point in time.

Group of answer choices

True

False

Question 18

Case-control study, prospective cohort study, cross-over trial, and retrospective cohort study are all examples of observational study designs.

Group of answer choices

True

False

Question 19

The margin of error in a research study is indicative of the precision and accuracy of the research results obtained in the study.

Group of answer choices

True

False

Question 20

The 90th percentile of the standard normal distribution is 1.645.

Group of answer choices

True

False

Question 21

An investigator wants to assess whether smoking is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer. Electronic medical records at a local hospital will be used to identify 50 patients with pancreatic cancer. One hundred patients who are similar but free of pancreatic cancer will also be selected. Each participant's medical record will be analyzed for smoking history. Identify the type of study proposed

Group of answer choices

A case-control study

A case series

A retrospective cohort study

A prospective cohort study

Question 22

The relative risk of developing lung cancer among individuals who smoke is 15.0. Which of the following is the most accurate interpretation of this information?

Group of answer choices

Individuals who have lung cancer are 15.0 times more likely to smoke than individuals who do not have lung cancer.

Individuals who have lung cancer are 15.0% more likely to smoke than individuals who do not have lung cancer.

Individuals who smoke are 15.0 times more likely to develop lung cancer than individuals who do not smoke.

Individuals who smoke are 15.0% more likely to develop lung cancer than individuals who do not smoke.

#23

A researcher has a hypothesis that a specific drug may have a higher prevalence of side effects among members of the African American population than members of the Caucasian population. Which statistical technique might the researcher want to use when designing a study to test their hypothesis?

Group of answer choices

Randomization

Stratification

Crossover matching

Matching

Question 24

After attending a church cookout, a number of the attendees are admitted to the emergency room with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. After discovering all the individuals admitted to the ER consumed the egg salad at the event, the leftover egg salad was tested and found to be positive for salmonella. If 83 individuals consumed the egg salad and 49 individuals were admitted to the ER with salmonella, what was the cumulative incidence of salmonella assuming that the 49 individuals admitted to the ER were the only ones to be affected by the bacteria?

Group of answer choices

0.041

0.410

0.590

0.059

Question 25

The median of a group of individuals' BMIs whose BMIs are 20.47, 21.92, 23.32, 23.41, 25.7, and 30.1 is approximately 24.15.

Group of answer choices

True

False