QUESTION ] (25 MARKS: 45 MINUTES) A. \"Accountability is an important means for establishing criteria to measure the performance of public ofcials, and for creating oversight mechanisms, to ensure that the quality of public services is improved. Lack of accountability makes a state weak and its public management system dysfunctional" (Samaratunge et al, 2008). REQUIRED: Based on the above statement: (a) Explain the concept of accountability as an essential governing principle in the public sector. (2 Marks) (b) Describe FOUR (4) components of nancial accountability. (6 Marks) (c) Explain THREE (3) institutional mechanisms that have been established with the aim to improve public accountability in Malaysia. (6 Marks) QUESTION 1 (25 MARKS: 45 MINUTES) A. The Government of Malaysia has clearly stated that the way forward is to enhance transparency and accountability of the public sector. in realizing these objectives, there is a need for all sectors of the economy to collaborate and contribute towards nation building. (Deputy Minister afHuman Resource ofMar'aysia, 20M) REQUIRED: Based on the statement above, discuss how the accountability process can be used as a tool by the government in realizing their objectives. (Support your answer with the related rules and regulations) ([5 Marks) Describe the concept of federalism for the Govemment of Malaysia. (2 Marks) Based on Schedule 9, Article 74 and 7? of the Federal Constitution list; (a) Three (3) responsibilities each of the federal government and the state government (b) Two (2) joint reSponsibilities of these two governments. (8 Marks)