QUESTION 4

Answer the following independent questions.

(a)Iris Sdn Bhd's standard labor cost of producing one unit of product is 2 hours at the rate of RM14.00 per hour. During February, 52,000 hours of labor are incurred at a cost of RM13.80 per hour to produce 25,000 units of product. Journalize the incurrence of the labor costs and the assignment of direct labor to production, assuming a standard cost system is used.

(3 Marks)

(b)Explain the similarities and differences between standards and budgets. (2 Marks)

(c)Contrast the accounting for standard and budgets.(2 Marks)

(d)Minetech Industries computes variances as a basis for evaluating the performance of managers responsible for controlling costs. For several months, the labor quantity variance has been unfavorable. Briefly explain what could be causing the unfavorable labor quantity variance and indicate what type of corrective action, if any, might be taken. ................................................................................. (3 Marks)

QUESTION 5

You are the employee of Typing4u Enterprise, a typing service company based in Selangor. The company has decided to upgrade its equipment. It currently has a widely used version of a word processing program. The company wishes to invest in more up-to-date software and to improve its printing capabilities.

Two options have emerged. Option 1 is for the company to keep its existing computer system, and upgrade its word processing program. The memory of each individual work station would be enhanced, and a larger, more efficient printer would be used. Better telecommunications equipment would allow for the electronic transmission of some documents as well.

Option 2 would be for the company to invest in an entirely different computer system. The software for this system is extremely impressive, and it comes with individual laser printers. However, the company is not well known, and the software does not connect well with well-known software.The net present value information for these options follows:

Option 1Option 2

Initial InvestmentRM(95,000)RM(240,000)

ReturnsYear 155,00080,000

Year 230,00080,000

Year 310,00080,000

Net Present Value00

Instruction

(a) Prepare a brief report for management in which you make a recommendation for one system or the other, using the information given. (5 Marks)

(b) Management is often faced with the alternative of continuing to make a product or component internally, or going to an external source and purchasing the product or component. In gathering relevant information for these two alternatives, briefly identify the quantitative factors that should be considered. Are there any qualitative factors that should also be considered? (5 Marks)