Jordan University is a Scottish university which relies on government funding for the major part of its income. It is a registered charity. The university is keen to attract overseas students as they pay fees directly to the university and it is also keen to enhance its commercialisation activities in the form of continued professional development (CPD) for employees of local businesses. 

The university's management team recently employed a performance measurement analyst who advised them that, with increasing competition in the sector, they should consider introducing the Balanced Scorecard to ensure that they were meeting their strategic goals at every level of the organisation.- Jordan University's management team agreed that their objectives could be summarised in the four perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard as follows: 

Required:- 

a) Identify a performance measure for one objective in each of the four perspectives.

b) Explain why the performance measures identified for part a) are appropriate for Jordan University.

c) Discuss the nature of “cause and effect" as it relates to the Balanced Scorecard.

d) Discuss the difficulties for Jordan University in using a measure such as student satisfaction to measure the objective of “increase student satisfaction".

Financial Perspective: Perspective:+ Maximise revenue from non-government sources Maximise efficiency Internal Perspective: Improve efficiency in Admissions process Improve environmental performance Customer Increase stakeholder engagement+ Increase student satisfaction Learning & Growth: Enhance research output Enhance sharing of good practice