Question 5 (5 points) Which statement about uninsured rates by age and how they changed between 2013 and 2015 is true? (hint: see the Bhattacharya et al. supplemental chapter.) 0 1) The uninsured rate falls sharply at age 65, the age at which most Americans become eligible for Medicare. O 2) For all ages less than 65, uninsured rates declined in 2014 and then declined again in 2015. O 3) Children under age 10 are more likely to be insured than adults at any age less than 65. O 4) Uninsured rates decline as adults age (starting from the late 205), a pattern that did not change between 2013 and 2015. O 5) All of the above are true. Question 3 (5 points) According to Gruber and Sommers, all of the following statements about the effects of the ACA on insurance coverage are supported by research findings, except 0 1) The dependent coverage provision led to about 2 to 3 million more young adults being covered under their parents' plans. 0 2) Medicaid expansion seems to have induced significant increases in Medicaid enrollment of children who were already eligible prior to the ACA (a \"woodwork effect\"). 0 3) Disparities in coverage rates by race and income narrowed substantially. O 4) About half of the increased enrollment in the individual market appeared to come from individuals shifting over from employer-sponsored coverage (a \"crowd out effect\"). Question 2 (5 points) In connection with the ACA, which of the following is not associated with the year 2014? O 1) It is the first year that dependent coverage was extended up to age 26. O 2) It is the year that the Medicaid expansion began in most states that expanded Medicaid. O 3) It is the first year in which financial penalties were imposed on those without health insurance. O 4) It is the year that most reforms to the individual market took effect and insurance exchanges (Marketplaces) were opened. O 5) All of the above first happened in 2014. Question 4 (5 points) 2. According to Gruber and Sommers, what does research show about the effects of gaining insurance coverage on emergency department use? 0 1) Research findings consistently show that when the formerly uninsured gain coverage, they use more primary care and make fewer emergency department visits, with a net reduction in the value of resources used. 0 2) Research findings consistently show that when the formerly uninsured gain coverage, they use more of all types of care, including emergency department visits. 0 3) Various studies of Medicaid expansions have found mixed results with regard to effects on emergency department use. 0 4) Young adults gaining coverage tend to increase emergency department use, older adults tend to reduce it