1. Question 9 Answer these two cases (Each 5%): Max. 12 lines for each case

1. Jack is a fellow for his Universitys Global Service fellowship program. In his role, he must work with an international non-profit organization, NGO (E), to develop a portable solar panel kit for rural villages in Bekaa.

During a visit to the companys headquarters, one of the organizations representatives, Hana, asked Jack about using fellowships grant money to purchase items not readily available in Bekaa for NGO (E). Since fellowship funds were obtained through a reimbursement process, she wanted Jack to falsify receipts from solar-kit related purposes to obtain the money.

Jacks first instinct was that it would be unethical to use money intended for one purpose to fulfill another. However, he recalled Hana doing him several favors in the past. For instance, prior to his admittance into the fellowship, Jack had worked closely with Hana and other NGO (E) representatives to develop a proposal for his project. If it were not for her help (as well as her companys help in sponsoring the project), Jack strongly believed that he would not have received the fellowship.

Another time, a power outage occurred while he was demonstrating the solar-kits operation and installment to local villagers. Jack tried calling NGO (E)s headquarters, but it was already past sundown and nobody was in the office. Finally, he decided to call Hanas house for help. To his relief, Hana answered and immediately sent a team with portable light generators to Jacks rescue. Jack is grateful for Hanas acts of kindness, but he does not believe that falsifying receipts is the right thing to do.

What should Jack do? (Use an ethical theory to justify your answer)

2. Nadia has been working as a project engineer for a mechanical energy technology firm for a few years now, and has recently been promoted to review projects for in-need communities overseas. She has been put in charge of managing the current companys charity projects, and determining how to distribute the funding for them.

Some of the projects are pretty straightforward in their mission and material requirement, but for one project, Nadia isnt sure whether the company should be funding it. The projects mission is to provide new solar panels for a community but the project data suggests it is more practical to just install better lighting inside the homes. Nadia wonders whether to bring up her doubts with her boss. Based on the companys research on the community, the community desires better lighting system for their homes, and the solar panels would be an expensive and high maintenance project. Not to mention, there was a previous project that (when followed through) resulted in equipment being stolen from the same region to exchange for money.

Nadia understands their local sponsor would gain a great advantage in featuring solar panels in the community. It would also foster a good business partnership between the two companies. However, Nadia feels it is her responsibility to provide the community with a more simple and efficient solution to their problem, without diving into a large project that could possibly lead to negative side effects. Is Nadias company wrong to provide technology to the community when they dont need it? (Use an ethical theory to justify your answer)