Read the following article:

Lee, W., Wu, P., Lee-M., Ho, L., Shih, W. (2017). Music listening alleviates anxiety and physiological responses in patients receiving spinal anesthesia. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 21, 8-13.

Link:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965229916304010via%3Dihub#bib0145

Data Analysis

1.Was the level of measurement appropriate for the statistics used?

To answer this question, you will need to look at how the DVs are being measured and identify the levels of measurement for each DV.

2.What descriptive statistics were reported?

3.What inferential statistics were reported?

4.Were the inferential statistics used appropriate for the hypothesis?

To answer this, do your best to consider what data the researcher would need to answer the research question and whether the data analyzed provided that answer.

5.Is the level of significance reported?

Analysis of Findings/Discussion

1.Were the hypotheses/research questions supported?

2.Are results interpreted in the context of the problem, hypothesis, and theoretical framework?

Look to see if the results are explained for each variable and/or research question.

3.Are any generalizations made?

Review your article to see if the author(s) made in any reference to applying results to another population or setting. Consider who was excluded from your study, and did the authors make any statement applying results to that population?

6.Are any unwarranted interpretations of causality made?

Review your article to see if the author(s) made a statement, such as that the IV "caused" some change in the DV.

7.Do charts, graphs, and tables support the text?

Take a look at the charts, graphs, and tables in your article and consider whether it is simply repetitive or provides new information helpful to the text. Also, consider how easy it is to follow what the author(s) are trying to convey.