Read the following case study and then answer the questions at the end of the case.

A case of ethics: The New Hampshire Supreme Court

September 2000 saw the historic impeachment trial of David Brock, Chief Justice of the New Hampshire Supreme Court, on four counts: making an improper call to a lower court judge in 1987; soliciting comments from a fellow justice on his own divorce case; lying to investigators; and allowing judges to comment on cases in which they had a conflict of interest. The situation arose after an investigation by the New Hampshire Attorney General shortly after receiving a memo from the Supreme Court Clerk, Zibel, detailing ethical violations relating to Justice Thayer's divorce case and listing concerns about some of the court practices.

An impeachment trial is held to determine whether a judicial officer should be removed from office. The trial is heard by members of the New Hampshire Senate (elected representatives).

Brock had been a judge for 22 years, the last 14 of which was spent as Chief Justice. The Chief Justice is responsible for the efficient operation on New Hampshire courts and is the administrative head of the Supreme Courta system funded through the State's budget. Judges are nominated by the Governor and confirmed by the Executive Council. A Judicial Conduct Committee existed to establish ethical standards and provide guidelines to judges for their maintenance.

1. Maladministration or malpractice in connection with the 1987 case:

It was alleged that Chief Justice Brock phoned Trial Judge Gray in May 1987 to ask him about the status of his decision on a lawsuit in which a local company, Strafford Fuels, was the plaintiff. The owner of Strafford Fuels was the New Hampshire Senate majority leader, Ed Dupont. The phone conversation was to remind Gray of Dupont's powerful position. Another Superior Court Judge commented that 'The subject matter of this case did not warrant the treatment it got.'

Brock says he didn't make the call to Gray but phoned the clerk of the courtGray says he received the call. The charge also stated that Brock failed to report the call. Gray stated that the call was a 'lapse in ethics' and at the hearing said'Have I had lapses in ethics? Has anyone in this room had lapses in ethics? If so, raise your hand.' Another Court Judge backed Gray's testimony saying he recalled Gray joking with him the same day about the call. In a November 1987 letter from Brock to the Senate President, Brock said he had spoken to Gray about 'our mutual friend' and the matter would receive 'prompt attention.'

The Supreme Court discovered the phone call situation when they investigated Gray, in 1987, for making three inappropriate off-the-cuff remarks. The court concluded it was likely Brock had made the call, but felt that the case had not received special treatment.

At the impeachment hearing, the Senate President talked about strained relationships with Brock who told him that if the Legislature did not pass the court budget as submitted, he would 'order us to.'

1. Maladministration or malpractice in connection with the case of

Thayer v Thayer:

The story was as follows: Thayer, a Supreme Court Justice, was going through an acrimonious divorce. In February, Brock announced, at a meeting attended by Thayer, the appointment of two judges to a panel hearing Thayer's divorce case. Thayer claims that in a hallway conversation, Brock asked his opinion about the judges, and that he (Thayer) objected to one of them. Brock denies this conversation ever took place. A replacement judge was named to hear the case.

The allegations surrounding Thayer were investigated and Thayer resigned to avoid prosecution.

3. Knowingly testifying falsely under oath to the House Judiciary Committee:

Brock was alleged to have provided false testimony to the House Judiciary Committee. A key set of documents were issued relating to the case. At one point during the investigation, Brock was asked by the House Judiciary Committee, 'Do you have ... [these documents]?' He replied 'No.' It was revealed that he had held the documents but not at that moment in time because he had handed them to his counsel.

1. Maladministration by allowing a practice whereby recused justices could influence opinions in cases from which they were recused:

Justices are required to recuse (disqualify) themselves from any case in which they have an interest. The charge stated that Brock routinely allowed high court justices to comment on cases from which they had recused themselves. During the hearing, justices said that any conversations about such cases related to the language of the decision and not to the decision itself. They also claimed that this practice was not unusual but had gone on for a number of yearseven prior to Brock's appointment as Chief Justice.

After a three-week trial, Brock was acquitted of all charges, seven senators voting to convict and 15 to acquit.

Questions:

1. Why is this case important?
2. What factors do you think influenced the situation and how do these relate to organizational culture?
3. If you were the new Chief Justice, what changes would you make, why, and how?