Read the questions carefully and answer the questions according to the word limit. Return and submit the work in the allotted time |. Answer any 10 questions in 2-3 lines. (K 10) 1. What are mobility rights? 2. Whatis suffrage? 3. Why are juries seldom used in civil suits? 4. Identify the main purpose of tort law. 5. What types of cases does the Supreme Court of Canada handle? 6. What is the rule of law? 7. What type of conditions are included as legal disabilities? 8. What isa legal aid? 9 What is an ADR? 10. What is family law? 11.What does a precedent mean? ll. Answer any five question in 8-10 lines. (T 20, 0 5) Explain the four fundamental freedoms in the Charter. Explain the importance of mediation and negotiation. Explain the difference between civil rights and human rights? How do prejudice and stereotyping lead to discrimination? Identify five types of professionals and give an example of negligence of each. Explain how a law is passed through the court system. @FRPWNT' Read the following case study and answer all the questions. (A no, C 5) Youth Criminal Legislation: A Brief History Because there were no formal guidelines, sentencing was left to the judge's discretion. Sentences ranged in severity from extremely lenient to incredibly harsh. A youth convicted of a minor offence could be sent to a training school for any length of time if the judge thought it was necessary to reform his or her delinquency. Staff decided when the delinquent was rehabilitated and could be released. As the years passed, it was evident that the act was no longer appropriate. It did not emphasize growing concerns for public safety or the feeling that young people should be held responsible for their behaviour or that youths were not truly being helped or rehabilitated. The need for reform was obvious. During the 1970s, Parliament made several attempts to write new legislation. The Young Offenders Act (YOA) was first introduced in 1970. Over the next 10 years, revisions were made to the YOA because of provincial and international criticisms. In July 1982, the governor general gave royal assent to the YOA. However, it did not come into effect until April 1, 1984. The delay allowed the provinces to adjust their programs and services. The YOA attempted to make young offenders more accountable for their actions. It tried to protect society to a greater degree from their criminal activity. The minimum age of a young offender was raised from T to 12 years old. The maximum age was set at 17 in all provinces and territories. The act did recognize that young offenders should not be held to the same degree of accountability as adults. They should not suffer the same consequences as adults, since they are not fully mature and are still dependent on others. It also recognized the legal rights of youths as guaranteed in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. However, the YOA was criticized for the following: - not properly addressing serious and violent offences - an overuse of the court system - being too soft on the offender - lacking a clear philosophy on youth justice in Canada Many Canadians thought the legislation was lacking. After several years of consultation, Parliament passed the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA). It came into effect on April 1, 2003. It emphasizes the rehabilitation and re-entry of young offenders/youth criminals into society. The YCJA is the focus of the rest of this chapter. Answer the following questions- 1) What were some of the criticisms of the Juvenile Delinquents Act? (3 Marks) 2) Why was sentencing young offenders to training schools so controversial? (2 Marks) 3) What benets did the Young Offenders Act provide over the Juvenile Delinquents Act? (3 Marks) 4) What is the main emphasis of the Youth Criminal Justice Act? (2 Marks)