Recall the haploid model of evolution by natural selection from the Week 12 Prac. For a gene with two alleles (an A allele with frequency p and fitness w_A, and an a allele with frequency q = 1 - p and fitness w_a), the allele frequency in the next generation will be:

pWa

p'= ----------------

pWA + (1-p)Wa

Question 4.Imagine that you work in a lab that has recently carried out an evolution experiment in which there is a rapid increase in the frequency of an allele that they believe is beneficial in their study system (the study system is a microbial population of haploid individuals). Over a span of 25 generations, the allele has increased from an initial frequency of 0.05 to a final frequency of 0.95. Members of the lab wish to estimate the fitness advantage of individuals with the beneficial allele relative to the fitness of individuals without the allele (i.e., they wish to estimate w_A/w_a, where w_A is the fitness of individuals with the beneficial allele and w_a is the fitness of individuals with the alternative allele). Use the allele frequency data and the haploid model to estimate the fitness advantage of individuals with the beneficial allele. [1 point]