Reclamation of a gravel pit is expected to begin 9 years from today with estimated end of year costs of 1.5 million dollars each year at the end of years 9, 10, 11 and 12.

(A) What amount would the company need to invest or escrow today (time zero) to cover the future liabilities of 1.5 million in years 9, 10, 11, & 12? Other opportunities exist to invest available capital elsewhere and earn 10% per year compounded annually.

(B) What amount would your company need to invest each year for the next 8 years (Years 1-8) to pay for the future liabilities of 1.5 million in years 9, 10, 11, & 12? Assume the same nominal 10% interest rate.