Refer to the Icebergs for Kuwait case. Review the problem statement and influence chart that were generated for this case in conjunction with the corresponding exercises. (If this has not yet been done, develop the problem statement and influence chart as preliminary steps.) Design a spreadsheet to estimate the economic value of the freshwater produced by towing the largest possible iceberg using the largest available boat.

ICEBERGS FOR KUWAIT The cost of desalinating seawater using conventional tech- nology in the Persian Gulf is high (around 0.1 per cubic meter) and requires extensive amounts of oil. Some time ago scientists suggested that it could well prove both practically feasible and less expensive to tow icebergs from the Ant- arctic, a distance of about 9,600 km. Although some of the ice would undoubtedly melt in transit, it was thought that a significant proportion of the iceberg would remain intact upon arrival in the Gulf. Bear in mind that since water expands upon freezing, 1 cubic meter of ice produces only 0.85 cubic meter of water. A study was carried out to evaluate the practical pro- blems associated with such a proposal and to quantify the factors that were likely to influence the economics of such a venture. One factor was the difference in rental costs and capacities of towing vessels (summarized in Table 1). Note that each vessel has a maximum iceberg it can tow (mea- sured in cubic meters). It was found that the melting rate of the iceberg depends on both the towing speed and the distance from the South Pole (see Table 2). The data in from the Pole and at the given towing speed. Finally, fuel cost was found to depend on the towing speed and the (current) size of the iceberg (see Table 3). Determine whether it is economically feasible to produce water from icebergs in the Persian Gulf, and if it is, deter- mine the best means to do so. TABLE 1 Towing Vessel Data Ship Size Daily rental () Maximum load (cu. meter) Speed 1 km/hr 3 km/hr 5 km/hr 1,000 TABLE 2 Melting Rates (meter/day) 0.06 0.08 0.10 Speed 1 km/hr 3 km/hr 5 km/hr Small 400 500,000 TABLE 3 Fuel Costs (/km) 100,000 8.4 10.8 13.2 Medium 0.12 0.16 0.20 600 1,000,000 Distance from Pole (km) 2,000 3,000 0.18 0.24 0.30 this table represents the rate at which a hypothetical sphe- rical iceberg shrinks in radius over a day at the given distance 10.5 13.5 16.5 Large Current Volume (cu. meter) 1,000,000 10,000,000 800 24,000 0.24 0.32 0.40 10,000,000 12.6 16.2 19.8