Respond to student's post with a substantive response.

1. There are four key assumptions underlying the idea of crime displacement. The first assumption is that crime is inelastic, this means that offenders are driven to commit a certain number of offenses over a given period of time (Lab,2020, p.221). An example of this assumption is any crime that is not eliminated by crime prevention activities. The second assumption is that offenders have mobility, this means that offenders are able to get to certain places to commit a crime but mobility is not determined by the characteristics of the potential offenders. The mobility can be across time, place, tactic, or any displacement dimension (Lab,2020,p.221). An example of this assumption is an individual who lives in a popular area with many targets will be able to benefit from a wide range of different opportunities to commit a crime. The third assumption is that offenders make rational choices meaning offenders make their decisions based on many factors in the physical and social environment. An example of this is a white-collar crime. The fourth and final assumption is that alternative targets and choices are available, this means that there are other targets and choices available to the offender. An example of this is crime prevention programs only focusing on limited areas or crimes which leads to alternative choices (Lab,2020,p.223).

2. There are four elements when it comes to creating a cognitive map, those four elements are recognition, prediction, evaluation, and action. Recognition is being able to identify your location and various features in the area, the second element is a prediction which involves making connections between the identifiable objects in the area and possible lines of behavior (Lab,2020,p.230). The third element is the evaluation where the individual uses the information that they gathered in the earlier stages and determines which options are acceptable modes of behavior (Lab,2020,p.230). The final element is the action which is based on the first three steps and the individual decides the best action based on the recognition, prediction, and evaluation. There are many factors that influence the development of cognitive maps, some of those factors are gender, age, where they live, how long they have lived there, and occupational status. These factors influence the development of cognitive maps because each factor can affect the three parts of the map which are the employment node, commercial/recreation node, and residential node.