Retinal degeneration is the leading cause of visual impairment in older adults. An association between retinal degeneration and fungicide use was observed previously among farmer pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study, a large study of farm families from Iowa and North Carolina. The objective of this investigation was to determine whether wives of these farmer pesticide applicators were at increased risk of retinal degeneration. Self-reported cross-sectional data obtained via questionnaire between 1993 and 1997 from 31,173 wives were used. Wives were asked about current and past use of specific pesticides and groups of pesticides based on function (fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, and fumigants). Adapted from Kirrane, EF et al. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2005;161:1020-1029.

Among 31,173 wives surveyed, 8.2% of 281 women with retinal degeneration and 4.7 % of those without retinal degeneration reported ever use of fungicides.

1. Fill in the 2 X 2 table showing the results of this study.

	Retinal degeneration	No retinal degeneration	Total
Fungicide	[A]	[B]	[3]
No Fungicide	[C]	[D]	[4]
Total	[1]	[2]	31,173