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Rheology question (graph sketching) The exit nozzle of a ketchup bottle can be approximated by a short circular section of pipe of radius R and

Rheology question (graph sketching)

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The exit nozzle of a ketchup bottle can be approximated by a short circular section of pipe of radius R and length L. The bottle is squeezed at time T, applying a constant pressure P on the fluid at the nozzle until time 27. You may ignore entry and exit pressure drops. (b) Fluid point X travels from within the bottle along a streamline through the axis in the centre of the exit nozzle and onto the plate. Fluid point Y also travels from within the bottle, but exits the nozzle along a streamline at a radius of 0.5R, halfway between the axis and the nozzle wall, and onto the plate. Fluid point Z travels from the bottle into the nozzle along a streamline at a radius of 0.99R, and onto the plate. Fluid point Z takes time T to travel the length of the nozzle. Sketch the following graphs marking as much relevant detail as possible: (i) On a single graph of shear strain rate vs time, illustrate the shear rate history of fluid points X, Y and Z for time Osts3T. (ii) On a single graph of shear stress vs time, illustrate the shear stress history of fluid points X, Y and Z for time Osts3T

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