Sandeep is developing hypotheses for his upcoming study, where he wants to examine the effect of leadership style on employee motivation. Sandeep believes that leaders who use a transformational leadership style will have more motivated employees than leaders who use a transactional style. Given his expectations, which of the following statements would best reflect Sandeep's alternate hypothesis? O a. "The causality of the effect works in an alternate way, such that having more motivated employees actually causes leaders to adopt a more transformational style (not the other way around)." b. "There is a difference in employee motivation when leaders use a transformational style, compared to when leaders use a transactional style." C. "Contrary to expectation, leaders who use a transactional style have more motivated employees than leaders who use a transformational style." d. Sandeep does not have an alternate hypothesis, because he has already hypothesized a direction for the relationship between his variables. Dr. Gagnon believes that no research method is perfect, and many phenomena are subjective in nature. Because of this belief, Dr. Gagnon leads a program of research involving different investigators, various sources of data, and multiple methods that each have different strengths and weaknesses. The idea is to look for converging evidence to figure out what is going on. Which of the following approaches to research does Dr. Gagnon use? Select one: a. Reductionism b. Triangulation O c. Conceptualization d. Formatation e. Positivism Molly suspects that everyone interprets events differently, and prefers to trust in whatever makes the most logical sense when she's deciding what to believe in. Molly's approach is most consistent with which of the following 'ways of knowing'? a. Pragmatism b. Critical realism C. Tradition d. Rationalism