SECTION C: A bitmap graphic is composed of a grid of puter to fill in missing pixels, which often results in a jag- tiny rectangular cells called The color ged or image. Image compression of each cell is stored as a(n) number. shrinks the size of a graphics file. Popular bitmap graphics formats include BMP, TIFF, GIF, compression is used for images stored in JPEG format, but JPEG, RAW, and PNG. Both scanners and cameras pro- compression is used for PNG, duce images in bitmap format. Digital display devices rep GIF, and TIFF files. Photoediting software includes tools. resent colors using the color model. such as an image that adjusts Although colors are ultimately represented as bits when a brightness values for various ranges of pixels. Algorithms graphic is stored or transmitted, color values can be speci for scrub out designated areas of fied in binary, , or decimal. Color an image and replace the missing pixels. Clipping paths and refers to the number of colors avail alpha blending are useful for digital able for use in an image. The dimensions of the grid that forms when you want to assemble parts of several photos into one a bitmap graphic are referred to as its image. Panoramic and 360-degree images can be assembled using image to match the edges of It is possible to change the resolution and/or the file size a sequence of photos. Stereoscopic effects can be achieved of a bitmap graphic; but because bitmaps are resolution these changes can reduce image with a photo pair or by creating an) quality. For example, enlarging a bitmap requires your com- with red and blue coloration. SECTION D: Unlike a bitmap graphic, created by superimposing a grid of pixels over an image, a vector graphic consists of a set of instructions for creating a picture. Vector graphics are stored as a collection of and their corresponding sizes, colors, and positions. The big advantage of vector graphics is that they can be enlarged without becoming . Vector graphics are created by using software. A vector graphic can be converted into a bitmap by a process called . Once converted, however, the result- ing graphic loses the object-editing qualities it had in its vector state. The most common vector graphics format for the Web is L - 3D graphics are stored as a set of instructions that contain the locations and lengths of lines that form a(n) for a 3D object. This framework then can be covered by colored patterned, and tex. tured surfaces. This process, called produces a bitmap image of the 3D object. tracing adds highlights and shadows to the image. 3D graphics can be to produce animated spe- cial effects for movies. Real-time required for 3D computer games and virtual reality. SECTION E: Footage for digital videos can be suppressed format using intraframe and plied from a digital source, or from a(n) compression. Software, such as MPEG, DivX, Theora, and source that requires conversion. In addition to standalone digi- H.264, that compresses the video stream is referred to as a(n) tal cameras, digital footage can also be obtained from cameras . A compression embedded in handheld devices and from such as 5:1, indicates the degree of compression. Video and built in above a computer screen. Video resolution varies, but audio streams are combined into the final video file and stored 1080p is common. The "p" stands for using a(n) format, such as AVI, MOV, or scan. Most videos today have a widescreen aspect ratio of WebM. So-called 3D movies are technically . Most videos are output in a com- in their use of anaglyphs or stereograms
