Securitization occurs when receivables are bundled together and sold or transferred to another organization, which issues securities that are collateralized by the transferred receivables. The transferor (i.e., the firm that is bundling the portfolio for sale) likely records a gain on the sale of the securitization when:

a. The risk associated with the bundled portfolio in the aggregate is lower than the risk of the individual receivables.

b. The lower risk and discount rate results in a lower present value and sales price, resulting in a gain to the transferor.

c. The lower risk and discount rate results in a higher present value and sales price, resulting in a loss to the transferor.

d. The risk associated with the bundled portfolio in the aggregate is higher than the risk of the individual receivables.